Amazinga Enzalo Akhuphuka Kanjani Nokuncishiswa Kwe-OPEC+ Awumisa Kanjani Uwoyela Onyakeni Oguquguqukayo?
Lo nyaka bekufanele kube yithuba elihle lezinkunzi zikawoyela, kodwa kubonakale kuwubuqili ukuhweba njenganoma yimuphi omunye. Ukuphindeka kabusha kweChina ekuvinjweni kanye nokumiswa kohulumeni baseNtshonalanga kokuthinta imithombo kawoyela yamasu bekufanele ngabe kusize ukukhuphuka kwamanani entengo, kodwa maphakathi nonyaka, base behle ngaphezulu kwama- $ 10 umgqomo.
Amanani kawoyela amelana nesidingo esinamandla.
Ukwehla kwamanani kawoyela kuvame ukuhambisana nesidingo esibuthakathaka. Ukwehla kokukhiqizwa emazweni aseNtshonalanga kanye nemakethe epholile yezakhiwo e-China nakho kuyasidambisa isimo. Nokho, umuntu akanakusho ukuthi isidingo sikawoyela sehlile. Izibalo ezisemthethweni ezivela ezikhungweni zikahulumeni kanye nenkampani ehlaziya uwoyela i-OilX zibonisa ukuthi isidingo sikawoyela saminyaka yonke sikhuphuke ngemiphongolo eyizigidi ezingu-2.5, sidlula izibikezelo ngemiphongolo eyizigidi ezingu-0.3 ngosuku.
Naphezu kokuhla kwesidingo semikhiqizo ethile ye-petroleum yezimboni, abathengi bayaqhubeka nokuthenga ngobuningi, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yesimo sezimali esifana ne-US Inflation Reduction Act. Ukukhungatheka phakathi kwezinkunzi kuyakhula njengoba abakhiqizi be-OPEC+ beqhubeka nokusika umkhiqizo. Ukusikeka kwakamuva kumenyezelwe ngoMsombuluko.
Kungani amanani enganyuki? Esinye isizathu izinga lenzalo ephezulu, elikhuphule izindleko zokukhushulwa kwezimali, futhi ukwesaba ukwehla komnotho emhlabeni wonke kuphoqa izinkampani ukuthi zinciphise.
Umthelela wamazinga enzalo aphezulu ekugcinweni kukawoyela
Ezimbonini ezihluza uwoyela nezinkampani ezihwebayo, ukugcina uwoyela emathangeni sekubiza kakhulu. Ukwengeza, ukukhuphuka kwezindleko zezimali nakho kusho ukulahlekelwa okuphezulu lapho imikhiqizo ingadayisi (lapho ukwehla komnotho kunciphisa isidingo). Nakuba kuqondakala, lokhu kusabela kwebhizinisi emazingeni enzalo aphezulu kwenza imakethe ibe sengozini yokushaqeka, ikakhulukazi uma isidingo sinamandla.
Umhlaba uyayilahla inqubomgomo yezinga lenzalo edonse iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi futhi yadala umuzwa wokunethezeka. Amafemu okuhweba akhule ngokushesha kule minyaka eyishumi edlule ayinawo umuzwa wamazinga enzalo angewona aziro.
Izifundo zomlando zokukhipha imfuyo
Umlando ufundisa izifundo ezicacile. Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili ngaphambi kwenhlekelele yezimali, kube nokuhlobana okucacile phakathi kwezilinganiso zenzalo kanye nesakhiwo semakethe kawoyela. Njalo ngo-1% ukwenyuka kwezinga lenzalo, amasheya kawoyela emazweni athuthukile ehla ngesilinganiso semiphongolo eyizigidi ezingu-10 ngonyaka, cishe inani elifanayo nelikaphethiloli osetshenziswa ngosuku e-US, kuyilapho ukusetshenziswa komhlaba wonke kwakuphansi kakhulu.
Esikhathini sokuhlehla - isakhiwo semakethe esibona amanani aphezulu okulethwa ngokushesha ngenxa yesidingo esikhulu - ukwehla kwempahla kuyashesha kakhulu lapho izinga lenzalo likhuphuka.
Isikhathi esizungeze ukuphenduka kwenkulungwane yeminyaka cishe siseduze kakhulu nesamanje. Kusukela ngoJanuwari 2000, i-US yaqala ukunyusa amanani enzalo, futhi kamuva ngalowo nyaka, i-OPEC yaqala ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa. Ngisho nezimakethe zamasheya zaqala ukusimama ngaphambi kokuwohloka komnotho ngo-2001, okuholwa izinkampani ezithile zobuchwepheshe.
Ngokusho kwe-International Energy Agency, amasheya kawoyela we-OECD awela kakhulu ngesikhathi esifanayo: emazweni athuthukile, ehla ngo-6% ngonyaka. Lokhu ukwehla okuphawulekayo embonini encamela ukugcina umthamo omkhulu wokuthumela.
Imakethe isesimweni esibucayi.
Kulokhu, amanani enzalo ase-US kule ndawo akhuphuke ngaphezu kuka-5% eminyakeni engu-12 kusukela ngoMashi wonyaka odlule. Futhi amasheya kawoyela manje asephansi kunangaphambili kwalolu bhubhane njengoba i-OPEC izama ukulawula izimpahla.
Izinqolobane zangempela zikawoyela ezithengiswayo emazweni e-OECD (ezilungiselwe imiphongolo kawoyela eyizigidi ezingama-280 kumapayipi amasha nengqalasizinda) zanele kuphela ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sezinsuku ezingaba ngu-22, izinsuku ezintathu ngaphansi kwesilinganiso sika-2010-2019.
Imakethe isesimweni esibucayi. Ezinye izinkomba ziwukuthi abacwengi e-Asia besaba ukuthi ukuncipha sekukude kakhulu futhi babheke ukugcwalisa uhlu lwempahla. Bayaqhubeka nokuthenga uwoyela eSaudi Arabia ngisho nangemva kokuba umbuso ukhuphule amanani entengo asemthethweni athengiswa nyanga zonke naphezu kokuthi uwoyela oshibhile wase-Iranian nowaseRussia utholakala. Nokho, ekupheleni konyaka, izinqolobane zikawoyela ohweba emhlabeni wonke zingafinyelela izinga eliphansi kakhulu eminyakeni eyishumi. Ngaso leso sikhathi, uhulumeni wase-US uzoqala ukuthenga imiphongolo kawoyela eyizigidi eziyi-180 ukuze agcwalise izinqolobane zikawoyela zamasu ezancipha ngonyaka odlule. Lokhu kuzokhuphula ukuba sengozini kwemakethe ekushaqiseni nasekulawuleni okungalindelekile kwezepolitiki kwe-OPEC+ ekupheleni konyaka. Kufanele ulungele noma yini!
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