Mzalwana, Ngaba ungasindisa iDime?
"Babedla ngokundixelela ukuba ndakha iphupha, ndaye ndalandela ihlokondiba,
Xa kukho umhlaba wokulima, okanye imipu yokuphatha, bendisoloko ndikhona apho emsebenzini.
Babedla ngokundixelela ukuba ndakha iphupha,
ngoxolo nozuko ngaphambili,
Kutheni le nto ndimele emgceni,
ndilinde isonka nje? "
"Ndakhe ndakha isiporo sikaloliwe, ndasenza ukuba sibaleke, ndenza ugqatso ngokuchasene nexesha.
Ndakha ndakha isiporo; ngoku yenziwe. Mzalwana, awunakusindisa nesenti?
Kudala ndakha inqaba, ukuya elangeni, ngezitena, ngerivet, nangekalika;
Nje ukuba ndakhe inqaba, ngoku yenziwe. Mzalwana, awunakusindisa nesenti? "
Mzalwana, Ngaba ungasindisa isixa semali, "amazwi nguYip Harburg, umculo nguJay Gorney (1931)
Ngaphandle kweendaba ezithandekayo izolo, zokuba i-USA ibiyiphephile imbumbulu yokudodobala kwemali kabini, iingxelo zamva nje ezivela e-US azihambelani nethemba;
Uphononongo lwakutsha nje, oluqhutywa nguGordon Green noJohn Coder olupapashwe nguPhando lweSentier, lufumanise ukuba ingeniso yonyaka (ehlengahlengiswe ukunyuka kwamaxabiso) yehle ngeepesenti ezi-6.7 phakathi kukaJuni ka-2009 noJuni ka-2011. . Ingeniso yenyani yamakhaya yonyaka yehle yehla yaya kuthi ga kwi-3.2 yeedola ngoJuni ka-49,909 isuka kwi- $ 2011 ngoDisemba ka-55,309, xa uqoqosho lwaluqala. Amakhaya aseMelika aqhubekile nokuphulukana nomhlaba nangona (ngokucacileyo) ukukhula kwaqala kwakhona. Ukukhula koqoqosho kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka wama-2007 kuye kwamiswa, kuqhubela phambili ngaphantsi kwepesenti enye yenqanaba lonyaka. Kwikota yesibini, inkcitho yabathengi inyuke nge-2011 yeepesenti kuphela, eyona inamandla ukusukela kwikota yesine ka-0.7.
Ukusilela kubumbano kuyaqala ukukhawulezisa, ezinye iinkampani ezinamagama amakhulu phakathi kwabo basokola ukusinda. Iinqwelo moya zaseMelika kungafuneka ziye enkundleni ukuyokuhlengahlengisa izivumelwano zabasebenzi, kwaye u-Kodak uqinisekisile ukuba inkampani yabameli eyaziwayo ngokuthatha iinkampani njengongenamali iye yacebisa ngesicwangciso-qhinga njengeenzame zayo zokoyisa ukulahleka kweshishini lokufota ngokwesiko.
Iinkampani kuluhlu lwamashishini, ngakumbi amashishini enkonzo afana nokuzilungisa, iindawo zentengiso ezinje ngeeresityu, amandla ahlaziyekayo, kunye nomzi mveliso wephepha, bawele kukhuseleko lweSahluko se-11 e-USA kwezi nyanga zidlulileyo. Uqoqosho olubuthathaka, ukuhla kwenkcitho yabathengi kunye neendlela zokubolekwa kwemali ezixineneyo nazo zisongela iinkampani ezisokolayo kumashishini ahlukeneyo njengokuhambisa ngenqanawa, ukhenketho, imithombo yeendaba, amandla kunye nokuthengiswa kwezindlu. Kwaye iarhente yokuthengisa izindlu nomhlaba ihleli apho njengendoda ebusayo kwikona engayi kuhamba. Kukho amazwe aliqela e-USA anamaxabiso asendlwini asondele okanye abuyela kumanqanaba e-1999, kwaye leyo yingxaki enkulu ehleli phaya kwiphepha lemali leFed njengoko bathenga okuninzi kwale 'junk' ebhankini kwimijikelo yangaphambili yeQE.
Ngaphandle komkhwa wokusola kunye nokukhomba ngomnwe kwicala lase-Yuropu okanye e-China ukusilela kwamashishini e-USA okwangoku kukufumana kakhulu izinto ezikhuliswe ekhaya kunye neziganeko ezihlanganisiweyo. Iinkampani ezilishumi ezine- $ 100 yezigidi ubuncinci kwii-asethi ezifakwe kwi-bankruptcy ngo-Septemba, ezona zininzi ukusukela ngomhla weshumi elinesixhenxe ngo-Epreli, eyona nyanga ixakekileyo ukusukela ngo-2009, ngokweedatha ezifumaneka kwi-bankruptcydata.com. Ukutsalwa kwamatyala kutshanje kubandakanya umenzi wamaphephancwadi acwebezelayo iNewPage Corp, (eyona bhanki inkulu yonyaka) kunye nenkampani enkulu engeyiyo eyemali egcwalisa ukusukela ngo-2009; I-Graceway Pharmaceuticals, eyenza izithambiso zolusu; UHussey Copper, owenza imivalo yobhedu isetyenziswe kwiibhodi zokutshintsha, kunye neDallas Stars yeNational Hockey League. Sele ngo-Okthobha, iinkampani ezintlanu ezinemali engaphezulu kwe-100 yezigidi zeedola ziye zafaka isicelo sokungabinamali, kubandakanya ne-Friendly's ice cream chain kunye ne-wireless broadband inkampani ye-Open Range Communications.
Imarike yebhondi ngoku ixabiso kwiipesenti ezingama-1970 zengozi yezoqoqosho ngendlela yesikhombisi semarike yebhondi esichaze yonke imali ye-US ukususela ngo-1970, okubizwa ngokuba yi-Treasury isivuno. Amaxabiso exesha elifutshane ebephezulu kunesivuno sexesha elide, okanye aguquliwe, phambi kwembuyekezo nganye ezisixhenxe ukusukela ngo-9. Isivumelwano senza kube nzima e-US ukunciphisa intswela-ngqesho, ebibambe ngaphezulu kwepesenti ezili-2009 inyanga nenyanga ngaphandle kwembini Meyi 9.1, kubandakanywa ukufundwa kweepesenti eziyi-XNUMX ngoSeptemba.
AmaTshayina ade abenobuganga bokulibiza igama elithi 'D' kwicala lase-USA ngendlela yokuphawula ulwimi lwesiTshayina oluvela eXinhua;
Kwakukho iimeko ezifanayo kwii-1930s. Uqoqosho lwase-United States kunye noqoqosho lwehlabathi zahlukile kwezo ze-1930s, kodwa ukujonga emva kwimbali kuya kunceda iNdlu yeeNgwevu yase-US ibone iingxaki, ukuphikisana kunye neengozi zetyala lemali. I-China inelizwi lakudala lokuba umntu makasebenzise imbali njengesipili ukuqonda ukunyuka nokuwa kwamazwe. Siyathemba ukuba abo bapolitiki baseMelika bakhala ngenkani ukuze bayixabise i-renminbi ukuba bayithande bayakufunda izifundo zembali kwaye baqondise amazwi okuqiqa, kwaye bangazenzi isenzo sobudenge esiya kwenzakalisa abantu babo kunye nabanye.
Isihlenga 'sezinto ezibonisa ukwehla kwamandla emali' asihlukaniswanga e-USA, e-UK ngolwesiBini ekuseni ingxelo ikhankanye ukuba abantwana abongezelelekileyo abangama-600,000 bazakufakwa kubuhlwempu njengoko i-avareji yemali e-Bhritane isiwa ngeepesenti ezisixhenxe phakathi kuka-2009-10 no-2012- 13 kwaye urhulumente utshintsha inkqubo yezentlalontle. IZiko leZifundo ngezeMali (IFS) lithe ukuwa kuyeyona inkulu kangangeminyaka engama-35.
Oku "kuwa okungathethekiyo kwimigangatho yokuphila" kunokubangelwa kukunyuka kwamaxabiso aphezulu kunye nokukhula kwemivuzo ebuthathaka emva kokudodobala koqoqosho okunzulu. Bakwatsho ukuba uhlengahlengiso olucetywe ngurhulumente wobumbano luya kuphakamisa intlupheko yabantwana (apho umvuzo wamakhaya ungaphantsi kweepesenti ezingama-60 zengeniso yama-2010-11, ehlengahlengiswe ukunyuka kwamaxabiso) ngama-200,000 ngo-2015-16 kunye nama-300,000 ngo-2020-21.
Kuqikelelwa ukuba i-3.1 yezigidi zabantwana, okanye ngaphezulu nje kweepesenti ezingama-23, zabantwana base-Bhritane baya kuba yintlupheko ngo-2013, ukusuka kwi-2.5 yezigidi (i-19.3 yeepesenti) ngo-2010, kwaye i-3.1 yezigidi isaya kuba yintlupheko epheleleyo ngo-2020. Kuthetha ukuba urhulumente uza kuphoswa ngumda obanzi ajolise kuwo, ekuvunyelwene ngawo ngomthetho kunyaka ophelileyo ngenkxaso yawo onke amaqela ezopolitiko, ukuphelisa ubuhlwempu babantwana bube ngaphantsi kweepesenti ezintlanu ngasekupheleni kweminyaka elishumi.
Uphando lweKota yezoQoqosho lwamva nje oluvela kwiBritish Chambers of Commerce lubonisa ukuba kukho isoyikiso sokwenene sokudodobala koqoqosho kabini. Emva kokujonga ngaphezulu kweefemu ezingama-6,000, ibanga ukuba amashishini awanakho ukuzithemba kwaye axhalabile ngeengxaki ezikwindawo ye-euro.
UDavid Kern, wezoQoqosho oyiNtloko we-BCC, uthe:
Iziphumo ze-Q3 QES zikhomba ekuwohlokeni kwemeko yezoqoqosho, ngokumalunga neempawu zokuma kuqoqosho lwasekhaya. Iibhalansi ezidanisayo ze-Q3 zokuthumela ngaphandle, kunye notyalo-mali kwizityalo noomatshini, zibonisa ukuba ulungelelwaniso olufunekayo kakhulu kuqoqosho lwase-UK alukenzeki. Iibhalansi zokuhamba kwemali ezingalunganga zibonisa ukuba iifemu zijamelene noxinzelelo lwenene lwezezimali.
Amabhalansi e-oda ejonge phambili ekhayeni afuduselwe kumhlaba ombi, kuzo zombini iimveliso kunye neenkonzo, ezibonisa umngcipheko wokudodobala koqoqosho. Nangona ukudodobala kungathintelwa, ngokwezi ziphumo uqikelelo lwethu lokukhula olukhutshwe ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba luya kuthi luhlaziywe luye kwehla ngo-2011 nango-2012.
Ngenxa yemeko yamazwe ngamazwe eya isiba mandundu kunye neengxaki ezijamelene ne-Eurozone, kukho imfuneko ecacileyo yokuba i-MPC kunye norhulumente benze yonke imizamo yokuthintela umngcipheko wokudodobala koqoqosho. Ukonyuka kwamva nje kwenkqubo yeQE ukuya kuthi ga kwi-275 yezigidigidi yamkelwe, kodwa kufuneka amanyathelo angaphaya. Oku kufuneka kugxilwe ikakhulu ekuthengeni imali mboleko ekhuselekileyo yeSME kunye nezinye iiasethi zecandelo labucala. Kwicala lakhe, urhulumente kufuneka abeke phambili izicwangciso zakhe zenkcitho ukukhuthaza ukukhula kunye nokudalwa kobutyebi.
Ingcinga yenzekile kuqoqosho oluninzi kunye nabahlalutyi bemarike ukuba iimeko ezizodwa zokungazinzi kwezoqoqosho eziqaqanjiswe apha ngasentla zizinto eziqhelekileyo zokuhla kwendalo kunye nokuhamba kwawo nawaphi na amaxesha oxinzelelo. Umzekelo, i-UK inamava asibhozo okudodobala okoko yaphela imfazwe ye-2, nangona kunjalo, ngeli xesha livakala ngokwahlukileyo. Akukho kudodobala kwezoqoqosho kwakudala apho uqoqosho lwaluthandabuza inkqubo yongxowankulu yokuphila emva kokuhlangulwa ngohlangulo lwamawaka ezigidi zeedola.
Ukudodobala koqoqosho 'ngama-70' kubangelwa yingxaki yeoyile ka-1973. Kuthathe ikota ye-14 ye-GDP ukuyifumana kwakhona ekuqaleni koqoqosho emva 'kokuntywiliselwa kabini'. Iminyaka yokuqala yama-80 yokudodobala kwezoqoqosho, eyayibangelwe yimigaqo-nkqubo yorhulumente wolawulo lwendyebo ukunciphisa ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, yathatha iikota ezili-13 kwi-GDP ukuze ibuye, kodwa iikota ezili-18 ezipheleleyo ze-GDP ukubuyela apho yayikho ekuqaleni kokwehla kwamandla emali. Ukudodobala koqoqosho ngama-90 kubangelwe yimali eyonga imali yaseMelika kunye nemali mboleko. Intswela ngqesho inyuke ngama-25% isuka kwi-55% yabantu abasebenzayo ngo-6.9 ukuya kwi-1990% ngo-10.7 kwaye yathatha iikota ezili-1993 ze-GDP ukubuyela kuyo ekuqaleni koqoqosho.
Iirekhodi ziya kuphakamisa ukuba iRecession Great yaqala kwaye yaphela ngo-2008-2009. Ukanti ngendlela engummangaliso unobangela ubangelwe kukuwa kwemali ngo-2007-2010. Ukuncitshiswa okuphezulu kwe-GDP, kubekwe kwi-7.1%, 'kubethelwa' kuphela yi-8% enamava emva kwemfazwe yehlabathi 1. Iincwadi zembali zinokuphinda zibhale amanqaku kwiRest Recession, zikhankanya ukuba zaqala ukusukela ngo-2008 zaza zaqhubeka zada zaya eYurophu. kunye ne-USA govts. Ekugqibeleni kwaye kumgaqo-nkqubo obumbeneyo kwavunyelwana ngokuvusa inkqubo ngemali eyathi ekugqibeleni yafikelela 'kwisitalato esiPhambili'. Inaliti ye-trillion yarhola imivuzo yabasebenzi kwaye yanceda ukucima isihlobo kunye nokuhla kwamandla emali kulungiswa amatyala ka "Joe oqhelekileyo". Ngelixa iibhanki ezinkulu kunye neenkampani zotyalo-mali zithathe into enkulu yokubhala phantsi kwimali mboleko yazo, iibhondi kunye neeasethi ze-circa ezingama-60% ukubuyisela umlinganiso kwakhona kubangele ukucocwa ngempumelelo kwinkqubo yezemali yehlabathi ukuvumela ukuseta kwakhona kunye nocwangco ukuba lwenzeke kwakhona.
Sisezimalini, sisemalini;
Sinento eninzi ethathayo ukuze sihlalisane!
Sisemalini, eso sibhakabhaka sinelanga,
Ukudakumba kweXhego odlulile kuko, usenze kakubi.
Asikaze siwubone umxholo ophambili malunga nesonka namhlanje.
Kwaye xa sibona umninindlu singajonga loo mfo kanye emehlweni.
Sinemali, yiza, sithandwa sam,
Masiyiboleke, siyisebenzise, siyithumele siqengqeleka!
Owu, ewe sisemalini, ubheja ukuba sisemalini,
Sinento eninzi ethathayo ukuze sihlalisane!
Masihambe sisemalini, Jonga phezulu isibhakabhaka sinelanga,
Ukudakumba kweXhego odlulile kuko, usenze kakubi.
Asikaze siwubone umxholo ophambili malunga nesonka namhlanje.
Kwaye xa sibona umninindlu singajonga loo mfo kanye emehlweni
Sinemali, yiza, sithandwa sam,
Masiyichithe, siyiboleke, siyithumele siqengqeleka kunye!
"SikwiMali," amazwi ka-Al Dubin, umculo nguHarry Warren (ovela kwifilimu iGold Diggers. 1933)
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