Kupatsirana - Osalankhula Ndi Aliyense, Musakhudze Chilichonse
Kanema wa Contagion wa 2011 wakhala wachibale ndi omwe amapita nawo ku USA. Pa tsamba lodziyimira pawokha lapa kanema rottentomato.com lidavoteledwa kwambiri. Panali filimu yaku France mu 2009 yomwe imadziwikanso kuti contagion ndipo kukayikirana ndikuti mu 'Hollywood mwambo' wabwino kwambiri wopanga makanema aku America watenga kanema wachilankhulo chachilendo ndikuwapatsa mawonekedwe awo posintha nkhaniyo (pang'ono pang'ono) ndikunyamula kanema ndi mndandanda wa 'A'. Chodabwitsa kapena mwangozi mawu oti "contagion", omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito komaliza mu 2009, akuyankhulidwanso ndi kuchuluka kwakanthawi komanso pafupipafupi.
Kupatsirana kumatsatira kupita patsogolo mwachangu kwa kachilombo koopsa kochokera mlengalenga kamapha m'masiku ochepa. Pamene mliri wofulumira ukuwonjezeka, achipatala padziko lonse lapansi akuthamangira kuti apeze mankhwala ndikuwongolera mantha omwe amafalikira mwachangu kuposa kachilombo komweko. Nthawi yomweyo, anthu wamba amavutika kuti apulumuke mgulu ladzikoli ...
Sizingatenge luso lochulukirapo kuti tisinthe malongosoledwe a kanema kuti agwirizane ndi mavuto azachuma apadziko lonse lapansi, titha kungosinthana mawu oti "gulu lazachipatala" ndi "gulu lazachuma" ndipo zonse zikhala zokwanira. Ponena kuti Ben Bernanke adzatsogolera a Judy Law, kapena a Christine Lagarde patsogolo pa a Marrion Cottilard akukayika, chomwe chingakhale chotsimikizika ndichakuti kanemayo ali ndi chiyembekezo, zomwe sizingatsimikizike kuti Bernanke ndi Lagarde pakadali pano akuchita nawo.
Wikipedia imalowa zochitika zachuma lomwe limafotokoza zochitikazo mu ndime zingapo;
Kugonjetsa zachuma kumatanthauza zochitika zomwe zing'onozing'ono, zomwe zimakhudza mabungwe ang'onoang'ono a zachuma kapena dera lina lachuma, kufalikira ku madera ena onse a zachuma ndi mayiko ena omwe chuma chawo chinali chitadwala kale, mofanana ndi chiwopsezo wa matenda a zamankhwala. Kugonjetsa kwachuma kumachitika ponseponse mdziko lonse komanso m'midzi. Kunyumba, kawirikawiri kulephera kwa banki ya pakhomo kapena ndalama zothandizira ndalama kumayambitsa kutumiza ngati kusokonekera kwa ngongole za interbank ndi kugulitsa katundu mu malonda a moto, motero kumachepetsa chidaliro mu mabanki ofanana.Chitsanzo cha zodabwitsazi ndikulephera kwa Lehman Brothers komanso chipwirikiti chomwe chidachitika m'misika yazachuma ku United States. Matenda azachuma apadziko lonse lapansi, omwe amapezeka m'maiko akutukuka komanso akutukuka kumene, ndikufalitsa mavuto azachuma m'misika yazachuma yachuma kapena mwachindunji. Komabe, pansi pa kayendetsedwe kazachuma masiku ano, komwe kumayenda ndalama zambiri, monga hedge fund komanso magwiridwe antchito am'mabanki akulu, kufalikira kwachuma nthawi zambiri kumachitika nthawi imodzi m'mabungwe apanyumba komanso m'maiko onse. Zomwe zimayambitsa kufalikira kwachuma nthawi zambiri sizingafotokozeredwe chuma chenicheni, monga kuchuluka kwa malonda.
Palinso mafotokozedwe ena opatsirana omwe adafotokozedweratu za 'virus' yazachuma. Amaphatikizapo izi: Matenda omwe amafalitsidwa kapena atha kufalikira mwachindunji kapena mwachindunji; matenda opatsirana. Choyambitsa chake, monga bakiteriya kapena kachilombo, ka matenda opatsirana. Psychology; kufalikira kwamakhalidwe, malingaliro, kapena malingaliro kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu kapena gulu pagulu kudzera pamaganizidwe, mabodza, mphekesera, kapena kutsanzira. Mphamvu yowononga; mantha oti zachiwawa pawailesi yakanema ndizofala zomwe zimakhudza owonera achichepere. Chizoloŵezi chofalikira, monga chiphunzitso, chikoka, kapena malingaliro.
Psychology yokhudzana ndi kupatsirana ndiyosangalatsa komanso yofunika kwambiri kuposa momwe malongosoledwe amomwe matenda amafotokozera. Mosakayikira pali gulu lazandale lomwe likuchita nawo masewerawa, lochokera ku USA ndi UK, cholinga chake ndikudzudzula Europe komanso makamaka Greece pazovuta zomwe zikuchitika pano. Pomwe malingaliro opatsirana akudutsanso mu yuro, pomwe mavuto azandalama aku Greece akuwoneka kuti akupatsira mayiko oyandikana nawo ndikuwopseza kuti awoloka nyanja ya Atlantic kupita ku US, mwina ndi nthawi yoti mutsegule chiphunzitsochi ndikuwona magwero ake.
Timakumbutsidwa tsiku ndi tsiku za ngozi yopatsirana, koma monga ophunzira ambiri azachipatala amachitira umboni kuti matenda opatsirana amakonda 'kutulutsa' ofooka, kapena omwe adwala kale. Chuma chathanzi sichitha kutenga "matenda" aku Greece, odwala, omwe ali ndi ngongole zambiri komanso bajeti zaboma, safuna wonyamula kuti atenge kachilomboka, ayamba kale kudwala matendawa. Kuuluka kwakulu m'mayikowa si umboni woti opatsirana, capital sikuti ikuthawa misika yayikulu, mwachitsanzo, Spain, France, Portugal, Ireland ndi Italy chifukwa Greece sichitha kulipira ngongole zake. Zokolola zazachuma zikukwera chifukwa cha chiwopsezo chowonjezeka mayiko omwe atha kudzipeza ali m'boti limodzi ndi Greece: osakwanitsa kukwaniritsa ngongole zawo. Mwachidule adayambitsa mavuto awo.
Mavuto azachuma omwe adalumikizidwa adawonetsedwa bwino ndikubweza ngongole za subprime zomwe zidasokoneza mabanki ku Europe ndi Asia, chifukwa chazodabwitsa zachitetezo cha mabanki palibe mabanki omwe anali otetezeka. Mabanki aku Europe omwe ali ndi ngongole zachi Greek ali pachiwopsezo chotayika ndipo ali pachiwopsezo cha ngongole zonse za PIIGS komanso ngongole zaku France. Mabanki aku France ali pachiwopsezo chofooka chophatikizika ngakhale atakhala m'maiko ena aku Europe. Kuphatikiza ku Europe kokha kusakhulupirika kwa: Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Ireland komanso France ikadakhala kuthirira diso, mtengo wotsika wa circa € 2 trilioni wakhala 'kite ikuyenda' ngati muyeso wa dzenje lakuda lomwe lingafunike mudzazidwe ndipo pali mantha enieni, osati ngongole zaku Greece zokha, koma kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa kamakhudza. Greece, monga gawo la izi, ikadakhala yochepera 10%.
A US ali kale ndi kachilombo ka ngongole. Adakali munthawi yake yosamalira, idathandizira kupanga matendawa mabuabu azachuma mzaka khumi zapitazi. Zofanana ndi filimuyi moyo weniweni wa 2011-2008 wa sewero lenileni la 2009-2009 ukhoza kukhala wodabwitsa ndipo chiyembekezo chaumunthu chitha kutsimikizira chiyembekezo chomwe filimuyo imathera nacho. Komabe, pali ambiri pakati pathu omwe apitilizabe kunena kuti vutoli lidasamalidwa molondola mu XNUMX sitingafunikire kuyang'aniridwa ndi Hollywood.
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