Fabrairu 13 • Sharhin kasuwancin • Ra'ayoyin 11493 • 2 Comments akan Manolis Glezos - Jarumin Girka
Maimakon ra'ayi game da matakan tsuke bakin aljihu da gwamnatin haɗin gwiwar Girka ta kada kuri'a a jiya da yamma, ɗan gajeren tarihin zai fi dacewa. Ba zan ci mutuncin basirar masu karatunmu ba ta hanyar nuna subtext.
A cikin Maris 2010, Manolis Glezos yana halartar zanga-zangar adawa a Athens, lokacin da 'yan sanda suka harba hayaki mai sa hawaye a fuskarsa. An dauke shi da rauni. A watan Fabrairun 2012, 'yan sandan kwantar da tarzoma sun kama Glezos yayin da yake zanga-zanga a Athens, yana da shekaru 83.
An haifi Manolis Glezos a ranar 9 ga Satumbar 1922. Glezos ya koma Athens a 1935 tare da iyalinsa. A lokacin makarantar sakandare ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin kantin magani. An shigar da shi a Babban Makarantar Nazarin Tattalin Arziki da Kasuwanci a cikin 1940. A cikin 1939 Glezos ya taimaka ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar matasa masu adawa da fascist kan mamayar Italiyanci na Dodecanese da mulkin kama-karya na Ioannis Metaxas.
A farkon yakin duniya na biyu, ya nemi shiga sojojin Girka a yakin Albaniya da Italiya, amma an ƙi shi saboda bai kai shekaru ba. Maimakon haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da agaji ga ma'aikatar tattalin arziki ta Hellenic. A lokacin da Axis zama na Girka, ya yi aiki ga Hellenic Red Cross da kuma gundumar Athens, yayin da rayayye shiga cikin juriya.
A ranar 30 ga Mayu, 1941, shi da Apostolos Santas sun haura kan Acropolis suka rushe swastika, wanda ke can tun ranar 27 ga Afrilu, 1941, lokacin da sojojin Nazi suka shiga Athens. Wannan shi ne mataki na farko na turjiya da ya faru a Girka. Ya yi wahayi ba kawai Helenawa ba, amma duk sun kasance masu biyayya ga mutane, don tsayayya da aikin, kuma ya kafa su duka biyu a matsayin jarumawa biyu na anti-Nazi na kasa da kasa. Gwamnatin Nazi ta mayar da martani ta hanyar yanke wa Glezos da Santas hukuncin kisa ba sa nan.
Sojojin mamaya na Jamus sun kama Glezos a ranar 24 ga Maris, 1942, kuma an daure shi da azabtarwa. Sakamakon wannan magani ya kamu da cutar tarin fuka. An kama shi ne a ranar 21 ga Afrilu, 1943 a hannun sojojin mamaya na Italiya kuma ya shafe watanni uku a gidan yari. Ranar 7 ga Fabrairu, 1944, masu haɗin gwiwar Nazi na Girka sun sake kama shi. Ya sake shafe watanni bakwai da rabi a gidan yari, har zuwa lokacin da ya tsere a ranar 21 ga Satumba na wannan shekarar.
Ƙarshen Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ba shi ne ƙarshen halin Glezos ba. Ranar 3 ga Maris, 1948, a tsakiyar yakin basasa na Girka, an gabatar da shi a gaban shari'a don shari'ar siyasarsa kuma gwamnatin hannun dama ta yanke masa hukuncin kisa sau da yawa. Sai dai ba a zartar da hukuncin kisa nasa ba, saboda koke-koke da al'ummar duniya ke yi. An rage hukuncin kisa zuwa hukuncin daurin rai da rai a shekarar 1950.
Ko da yake har yanzu yana kurkuku, an zaɓi Manolis Glezos a matsayin memba na Majalisar Hellenic a 1951, a ƙarƙashin tutar United Democratic Left, wanda aka fi sani da EDA. Da aka zabe shi, ya tafi yajin cin abinci yana neman a sako 'yan uwansa 'yan majalisar EDA da ake tsare da su a kurkuku ko kuma aka yi gudun hijira a tsibirin Girka. Ya kawo karshen yajin cin abinci da ya ke yi bayan an sako ‘yan majalisa 7 daga gudun hijira. An sake shi daga gidan yari a ranar 16 ga Yuli, 1954. A ranar 5 ga Disamba, 1958 aka kama shi kuma aka yanke masa hukunci bisa laifin leken asiri, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa ake tsananta wa magoya bayan hagu a lokacin yakin cacar baka.
Sakinsa a ranar 15 ga Disamba, 1962 ya faru ne sakamakon zanga-zangar da jama'a suka yi a Girka da kuma kasashen waje, ciki har da lashe kyautar zaman lafiya ta Lenin. A cikin wa'adi na biyu na zaman kurkukun siyasa bayan yaƙi, Glezos ya sake zaɓen ɗan majalisa tare da EDA a 1961. A juyin mulkin na Afrilu 21, 1967, an kama Glezos da ƙarfe 2 na safe, tare da sauran shugabannin siyasa. A lokacin mulkin Kanar, mulkin kama-karya na soja karkashin jagorancin George Papadopoulos, ya sake fuskantar wani zaman kurkuku na tsawon shekaru hudu da gudun hijira har zuwa lokacin da aka sake shi a shekara ta 1971.
Tsananta Manolis Glezos a siyasance, tun daga yakin duniya na biyu zuwa yakin basasar Girka da mulkin Kanar ya kai shekaru 11 da watanni 4 na zaman gidan yari, da kuma shekaru 4 da watanni 6 na gudun hijira.
Bayan maido da dimokiradiyya a Girka a 1974, Glezos ya shiga cikin farfado da EDA. A zabukan 1981 da 1985, an zabe shi dan majalisar dokokin kasar Girka, akan tikitin Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK). A cikin 1984 an zabe shi dan Majalisar Tarayyar Turai, kuma a kan tikitin PASOK. Ya kasance shugaban EDA daga 1985 har zuwa 1989…
Market Overview
Hannun jarin duniya ya habaka kuma kudin Euro ya tashi bayan da a karshe 'yan majalisar dokokin Girka suka amince da shirin tsuke bakin aljihu domin samun kudaden ceto. Yen ya fadi ne yayin da tattalin arzikin kasar Japan ya yi tabarbarewa, man fetur ya hauhawa bayan da wasu kamfanonin jigilar kayayyaki suka ce za su daina daukar danyen man Iran.
Ƙididdigar Ƙasa ta Duniya ta MSCI ta ƙara kashi 0.5 cikin ɗari kamar na 8:16 na safe a London. Indexididdigar Stoxx Turai 600 ta haura 0.6 bisa dari kuma Hang Seng China Index ta tashi da kashi 0.6. Yuro ya ƙarfafa 0.4 bisa dari zuwa $ 1.3255, yayin da yen ya ragu a kan dukkan manyan takwarorinsa 16. Man fetur ya tashi da kashi 0.9 sannan jan karfe ya samu kashi 1. Abubuwan da aka samu na Jamusawa na shekaru 10 sun ƙaru da maki huɗu zuwa kashi 1.95.
Hoton Kasuwa da karfe 10:00 na safe agogon GMT (lokacin UK)
Kasuwannin Asiya Pasifik gabaɗaya sun ji daɗin babban taro a farkon zaman safiya, Nikkei ya rufe 0.58%, Hang Seng ya rufe 0.5% kuma CSI ya rufe 0.06%. ASX 200 ta rufe 0.94%. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga ta Turai sun kuma ji daɗin babban zanga-zangar dangane da ƙuri'ar gwamnatin Girka, STOXX 50 ya haura 0.58%, FTSE ya haura 0.87%, CAC ya haura 0.52%, DAX ya haura 0.61%, yayin da Athens ta canza ASE ya haura 5%, taro na 30%+ tun daga ranar 10 ga Janairu. Danyen mai ICE Brent ya haura dala 1.05, zinare na Comex ya haura dala 5.60 oza sannan kuma ma'aunin daidaiton SPX ya tashi da kashi 0.64%
Forex Spot- Lite
Yen ya ƙi kashi 0.5 zuwa 102.94 a kowace Yuro. Ministan kudi na Japan Jun Azumi ya sake nanata a taron kwamitin kasafin kudi na majalisar dokoki a Tokyo cewa zai dauki matakin wuce gona da iri a cikin kudin. Japan ta kashe yen tiriliyan 14.3 (dala biliyan 184) wajen ayyukan shiga tsakani a bara domin dakile ci gaban da ake samu a cikin kudin.
Dalar Australiya ta sami kashi 0.7 zuwa dala 1.0746, inda ta kwashe kwanaki uku na asara. Amincewa da lamuni na gida ya karu da kashi 2.3 a watan Disamba, mafi yawa cikin watanni bakwai, in ji ofishin kididdiga na kasar. Dalar New Zealand ta haura kashi 1 zuwa 83.52 na Amurka.
austerity yarjejeniyarGirkamanolis glezos
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Manolis Glezos - Jarumin Girka
Fabrairu 13 • Sharhin kasuwancin • Ra'ayoyin 11493 • 2 Comments akan Manolis Glezos - Jarumin Girka
Maimakon ra'ayi game da matakan tsuke bakin aljihu da gwamnatin haɗin gwiwar Girka ta kada kuri'a a jiya da yamma, ɗan gajeren tarihin zai fi dacewa. Ba zan ci mutuncin basirar masu karatunmu ba ta hanyar nuna subtext.
A cikin Maris 2010, Manolis Glezos yana halartar zanga-zangar adawa a Athens, lokacin da 'yan sanda suka harba hayaki mai sa hawaye a fuskarsa. An dauke shi da rauni. A watan Fabrairun 2012, 'yan sandan kwantar da tarzoma sun kama Glezos yayin da yake zanga-zanga a Athens, yana da shekaru 83.
An haifi Manolis Glezos a ranar 9 ga Satumbar 1922. Glezos ya koma Athens a 1935 tare da iyalinsa. A lokacin makarantar sakandare ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin kantin magani. An shigar da shi a Babban Makarantar Nazarin Tattalin Arziki da Kasuwanci a cikin 1940. A cikin 1939 Glezos ya taimaka ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar matasa masu adawa da fascist kan mamayar Italiyanci na Dodecanese da mulkin kama-karya na Ioannis Metaxas.
A farkon yakin duniya na biyu, ya nemi shiga sojojin Girka a yakin Albaniya da Italiya, amma an ƙi shi saboda bai kai shekaru ba. Maimakon haka, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da agaji ga ma'aikatar tattalin arziki ta Hellenic. A lokacin da Axis zama na Girka, ya yi aiki ga Hellenic Red Cross da kuma gundumar Athens, yayin da rayayye shiga cikin juriya.
A ranar 30 ga Mayu, 1941, shi da Apostolos Santas sun haura kan Acropolis suka rushe swastika, wanda ke can tun ranar 27 ga Afrilu, 1941, lokacin da sojojin Nazi suka shiga Athens. Wannan shi ne mataki na farko na turjiya da ya faru a Girka. Ya yi wahayi ba kawai Helenawa ba, amma duk sun kasance masu biyayya ga mutane, don tsayayya da aikin, kuma ya kafa su duka biyu a matsayin jarumawa biyu na anti-Nazi na kasa da kasa. Gwamnatin Nazi ta mayar da martani ta hanyar yanke wa Glezos da Santas hukuncin kisa ba sa nan.
Sojojin mamaya na Jamus sun kama Glezos a ranar 24 ga Maris, 1942, kuma an daure shi da azabtarwa. Sakamakon wannan magani ya kamu da cutar tarin fuka. An kama shi ne a ranar 21 ga Afrilu, 1943 a hannun sojojin mamaya na Italiya kuma ya shafe watanni uku a gidan yari. Ranar 7 ga Fabrairu, 1944, masu haɗin gwiwar Nazi na Girka sun sake kama shi. Ya sake shafe watanni bakwai da rabi a gidan yari, har zuwa lokacin da ya tsere a ranar 21 ga Satumba na wannan shekarar.
Ƙarshen Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ba shi ne ƙarshen halin Glezos ba. Ranar 3 ga Maris, 1948, a tsakiyar yakin basasa na Girka, an gabatar da shi a gaban shari'a don shari'ar siyasarsa kuma gwamnatin hannun dama ta yanke masa hukuncin kisa sau da yawa. Sai dai ba a zartar da hukuncin kisa nasa ba, saboda koke-koke da al'ummar duniya ke yi. An rage hukuncin kisa zuwa hukuncin daurin rai da rai a shekarar 1950.
Ko da yake har yanzu yana kurkuku, an zaɓi Manolis Glezos a matsayin memba na Majalisar Hellenic a 1951, a ƙarƙashin tutar United Democratic Left, wanda aka fi sani da EDA. Da aka zabe shi, ya tafi yajin cin abinci yana neman a sako 'yan uwansa 'yan majalisar EDA da ake tsare da su a kurkuku ko kuma aka yi gudun hijira a tsibirin Girka. Ya kawo karshen yajin cin abinci da ya ke yi bayan an sako ‘yan majalisa 7 daga gudun hijira. An sake shi daga gidan yari a ranar 16 ga Yuli, 1954. A ranar 5 ga Disamba, 1958 aka kama shi kuma aka yanke masa hukunci bisa laifin leken asiri, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa ake tsananta wa magoya bayan hagu a lokacin yakin cacar baka.
Sakinsa a ranar 15 ga Disamba, 1962 ya faru ne sakamakon zanga-zangar da jama'a suka yi a Girka da kuma kasashen waje, ciki har da lashe kyautar zaman lafiya ta Lenin. A cikin wa'adi na biyu na zaman kurkukun siyasa bayan yaƙi, Glezos ya sake zaɓen ɗan majalisa tare da EDA a 1961. A juyin mulkin na Afrilu 21, 1967, an kama Glezos da ƙarfe 2 na safe, tare da sauran shugabannin siyasa. A lokacin mulkin Kanar, mulkin kama-karya na soja karkashin jagorancin George Papadopoulos, ya sake fuskantar wani zaman kurkuku na tsawon shekaru hudu da gudun hijira har zuwa lokacin da aka sake shi a shekara ta 1971.
Tsananta Manolis Glezos a siyasance, tun daga yakin duniya na biyu zuwa yakin basasar Girka da mulkin Kanar ya kai shekaru 11 da watanni 4 na zaman gidan yari, da kuma shekaru 4 da watanni 6 na gudun hijira.
Bayan maido da dimokiradiyya a Girka a 1974, Glezos ya shiga cikin farfado da EDA. A zabukan 1981 da 1985, an zabe shi dan majalisar dokokin kasar Girka, akan tikitin Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK). A cikin 1984 an zabe shi dan Majalisar Tarayyar Turai, kuma a kan tikitin PASOK. Ya kasance shugaban EDA daga 1985 har zuwa 1989…
Market Overview
Hannun jarin duniya ya habaka kuma kudin Euro ya tashi bayan da a karshe 'yan majalisar dokokin Girka suka amince da shirin tsuke bakin aljihu domin samun kudaden ceto. Yen ya fadi ne yayin da tattalin arzikin kasar Japan ya yi tabarbarewa, man fetur ya hauhawa bayan da wasu kamfanonin jigilar kayayyaki suka ce za su daina daukar danyen man Iran.
Ƙididdigar Ƙasa ta Duniya ta MSCI ta ƙara kashi 0.5 cikin ɗari kamar na 8:16 na safe a London. Indexididdigar Stoxx Turai 600 ta haura 0.6 bisa dari kuma Hang Seng China Index ta tashi da kashi 0.6. Yuro ya ƙarfafa 0.4 bisa dari zuwa $ 1.3255, yayin da yen ya ragu a kan dukkan manyan takwarorinsa 16. Man fetur ya tashi da kashi 0.9 sannan jan karfe ya samu kashi 1. Abubuwan da aka samu na Jamusawa na shekaru 10 sun ƙaru da maki huɗu zuwa kashi 1.95.
Hoton Kasuwa da karfe 10:00 na safe agogon GMT (lokacin UK)
Kasuwannin Asiya Pasifik gabaɗaya sun ji daɗin babban taro a farkon zaman safiya, Nikkei ya rufe 0.58%, Hang Seng ya rufe 0.5% kuma CSI ya rufe 0.06%. ASX 200 ta rufe 0.94%. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga ta Turai sun kuma ji daɗin babban zanga-zangar dangane da ƙuri'ar gwamnatin Girka, STOXX 50 ya haura 0.58%, FTSE ya haura 0.87%, CAC ya haura 0.52%, DAX ya haura 0.61%, yayin da Athens ta canza ASE ya haura 5%, taro na 30%+ tun daga ranar 10 ga Janairu. Danyen mai ICE Brent ya haura dala 1.05, zinare na Comex ya haura dala 5.60 oza sannan kuma ma'aunin daidaiton SPX ya tashi da kashi 0.64%
Forex Spot- Lite
Yen ya ƙi kashi 0.5 zuwa 102.94 a kowace Yuro. Ministan kudi na Japan Jun Azumi ya sake nanata a taron kwamitin kasafin kudi na majalisar dokoki a Tokyo cewa zai dauki matakin wuce gona da iri a cikin kudin. Japan ta kashe yen tiriliyan 14.3 (dala biliyan 184) wajen ayyukan shiga tsakani a bara domin dakile ci gaban da ake samu a cikin kudin.
Dalar Australiya ta sami kashi 0.7 zuwa dala 1.0746, inda ta kwashe kwanaki uku na asara. Amincewa da lamuni na gida ya karu da kashi 2.3 a watan Disamba, mafi yawa cikin watanni bakwai, in ji ofishin kididdiga na kasar. Dalar New Zealand ta haura kashi 1 zuwa 83.52 na Amurka.
austerity yarjejeniyarGirkamanolis glezos
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