Umhlaba uku-Eva Wenkinga Yezimali Elandelayo
Amasheya aseMelika ehle kakhulu, iDow Jones Industrial Average ilahlekelwe kakhulu yizinsuku ezimbili kusukela ngoNovemba 2008 ukuqeda usuku lokuhweba phansi ngo-3.51%. Ukukhathazeka kwabatshalizimali, ukuthi abenzi bezinqubomgomo baphelelwa ngamathuluzi okugwema okunye ukuwohloka komnotho emhlabeni wonke, ngeke kunyamalale.
Zonke izimboni eziyishumi ezimelwe ku-Standard & Poor's 500 Index zehle okungenani ngamaphesenti angu-2.2. I-S&P 500 ivale ngo-3.19% yehla cishe ngamaphesenti angama-7.5 ezinsukwini ezine. I-MSCI All-Country World Index yehle ngo-4.9%, inyusa ukwehla ukusuka ngoMeyi 2 phezulu ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwamashumi amabili. I-S&P 500 yehle ngamaphesenti ayi-18 isuka eminyakeni emithathu eyafinyelelwa ngo-Ephreli 29.
Umhlaba ungaphambi kwenkinga yezezimali elandelayo, njengoba isikweletu esikhulu singumsuka wayo ngokusho kuka-Mohamed El-Erian, isikhulu esiphezulu sePacific Investment Management Co., ephethe isikhwama esikhulu samabhondi emhlabeni wonke. I-European Central Bank yehlulekile ukubeka "i-circuit breaker" ukuze iqukathe inkinga yezikweletu esifundeni, kusho u-El-Erian emcimbini obuseWashington namuhla.
Emcimbini ofanayo abaholi bomhlaba kanye nezinduna ezinkulu zezimali bafuna ukuthi i-Europe ithathe isinyathelo esiwujuqu ukunqanda inkinga yezikweletu, kuyilapho amazwe athuthukayo ezomnotho athi angacabanga ukunikeza ukwesekwa okwengeziwe ukusiza ukuvimbela ukubhebhetheka kwesiphithiphithi. Njengoba ongqongqoshe bezezimali kanye namabhange amaphakathi babuthana ukuze bathole izingxoxo eWashington (ngokumelene nesizinda sezimakethe zamasheya) abaholi; I-Australia, iCanada, i-Indonesia, iBrithani, iMexico, iNingizimu Afrika kanye neNingizimu Korea bagcizelele ubungozi benkinga yezikweletu ze-Eurozone ukuthi ithathelane. Izikhulu zamazwe e-BRICS, okuhlanganisa i-China, i-Brazil kanye ne-India zimemezele ukuthi zizocabangela ukunikeza izimali ezengeziwe ku-International Monetary Fund ukuze kukhuliswe uzinzo kanye ne-liquidity emhlabeni jikelele.
Abaholi babhalele iFrance incwadi evulelekile njengamanje engusihlalo weQembu lama-20 ahamba phambili kwezomnotho;
Ohulumeni bezindawo ze-Euro nezikhungo kumele bathathe isinyathelo ngokushesha ukuxazulula inkinga ye-euro futhi wonke umnotho wase-Europe kumele ubhekane nokweqiwa kwezikweletu ukuvimbela ukuthelelana komnotho womhlaba wonke.
Izitoko ezisafufusa nazo zehla, okwenza inkomba yebhentshimakhi yehle kakhulu eminyakeni emithathu. Abakhiqizi bezimpahla bahole ukuhlehla. I-MSCI Emerging Markets Index yehle yafika kumaphesenti angu-6.2 ngesikhathi esisodwa kuleseshini yafinyelela ku-881.52 ngo-11:52 ekuseni eNew York, ukwehla okukhulu kakhulu kusukela ngoNovemba 2008. I-Jakarta Composite Index yase-Indonesia yehle ngamaphesenti angu-8.9, iningi kakhulu phakathi kwezikweletu zomhlaba kanye nenani elikhulu kunawo wonke. slide kusukela ngo-Okthoba 2008. Inkomba ye-Micex yase-Russia yehle ngamaphesenti angu-7.8, izinkomba ze-benchmark zehle ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwangu-4 e-India, Hungary nase-Poland. I-Shanghai Composite Index kanye neBovespa yaseBrazil zilahlekelwe ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwama-2.7.
Abantu baseMelika bafake izicelo ezimbalwa zemihlomulo yokungabibikho kwemisebenzi ngesonto eledlule, nokho-ke, ukwehla bekukuncane kakhulu ukuqeda izinkathazo eziningi zokuthi umnotho usondele kakhulu ekuwohlokeni okusha. Izicelo zemihlomulo yokungasebenzi zehle ngo-9,000 zaya ku-423,000 ngesonto eliphele ngoSepthemba 17, kusho uMnyango Wezabasebenzi ngoLwesine. Lokhu bekucishe kuhambisane nokulindelwe okwaqoqwa yiBloomberg.
I-Moody's Investors Service yehlise izilinganiso zezikweletu ze-Bank of America Corp, i-Citigroup Inc kanye ne-Wells Fargo & Co ngoLwesithathu, yathi uhulumeni wase-US uyehlisa ngokukhululeka ekutakuleni ababolekisi abakhulu abanezinkinga. Uhulumeni unjalo "Kungenzeka kakhulu manje kunangesikhathi senhlekelele yezimali ukuvumela ibhange elikhulu ukuthi lihluleke uma liba nezinkinga zezimali," kusho i-ejensi yokulinganisa, iyunithi ye-Moody's Corp.
Isinqumo sika-Moody sathinta kakhulu inani le-Bank of America, sehlisa kokubili isikweletu sesikhathi eside nesesikhashana senkampani ebambe iqhaza kanye namadiphozithi esikhathi eside endaweni yayo enkulu yasebhange. I-ejensi yokulinganisa yehlise isikweletu sesikhathi esifushane kwa-Citigroup futhi yalinganisela ukuncishiswa kwabakwa-Wells esikweletini sayo esikhulu kanye namadiphozithi ebhange labo eliholayo. I-Bank of America isazabalaza nezigidigidi zamaRandi zokulahlekelwa kwempahla yendlu, ukuqulwa kwamacala kanye nokugcizelela isidingo sokukhulisa imali ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezibopho ezintsha zokulawula. I-Bank of America Corp. iphakathi kweqembu lababolekisi abangase babhekane negagasi lamacala amasha abathi uhlelo abalusebenzise isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi ukubhalisa izindlu ezibolekiwe ezikhwabanisile izifunda ezinezintambo zemali ezigidini zamaRandi. Ngemuva kokwehliswa kukaMoody, izindleko zokuqinisekisa u-$10 million wesikweletu seBhange LaseMelika iminyaka engu-5 emakethe yokushintshanisa okuzenzakalelayo kwezikweletu zenyuka ngamaphuzu angu-48 zaya ku-$378,000 ngonyaka.
I-Euro ilahlekelwe umhlaba uma iqhathaniswa nedola ne-yen, kodwa yazuza uma iqhathaniswa ne-sterling. I-Sterling iqhubekile nokuwa kwayo okuncane kwakamuva uma iqhathaniswa nedola, i-Swissyy ne-yen. Idola lase-Aussie liwile uma liqhathaniswa nedola lase-USA, idola liye lafiphala uma liqhathaniswa ne-yen futhi lahlala liphansi uma liqhathaniswa ne-Swissy. Ikusasa lenkomba ye-equity ye-ftse ne-USA mahle kancane.
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