Inqubomgomo Embumbuluzayo, i-Greenback ukuze indize phakathi kokuqina
Ngemuva konyaka nesigamu samanani wenzalo ka-zero kanye nenqubomgomo “yokushicilela”, i-US Federal Reserve ilungiselela ukushaya amabhuleki.
Ibhange elikhulu laseMelika lihlela ukusheshe linciphise uhlelo lokuthengwa kwempahla, okuthe ngayo kufakwe cishe ama- $ 4 trillion ezimakethe selokhu kuqale lolu bhubhane, olulandela isitatimende seFederal Reserve ngemuva komhlangano waso ngoLwesithathu.
Njengoba igcine isilinganiso semali sikahulumeni singashintshi kububanzi obungu-0-0.25% ngonyaka, i-FSR iphawula ukukhula okuqhubekayo emisebenzini yezomnotho, ukuqashwa emnothweni wase-US, kanye "nokwenyuka kwamandla emali."
Isibikezelo sezinga lokukhula kwamanani sikhuphukile sisuka ku-3.4% saya ku-4.2% (ngokuya nge-deflator yemali esetshenziswayo) nokusuka ku-3 kuye ku-3.7% we-inflation eyinhloko.
Yize umnotho ukhula kancane kunalokho obekulindelekile (5.9% wonyaka uma uqhathanisa no-7% kwisibikezelo esedlule), kanti ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi kuzoba ngaphezulu kunezibalo zokuqala (4.8% uma kuqhathaniswa no-4.5%), iFederal Open Market Committee (FOMC) “Ikholwa ukuthi kungancipha ukwehla kokuthengwa kwempahla kungekudala, ”kusho ukukhishwa.
Manje i-Fed iphonsela u- $ 120 billion ngenyanga ezimakethe, ibuyisa ama-bond kahulumeni ($ 80 billion) namabond mortgage ($ 40 billion). Kepha ukushesha okusheshayo kwamandla emali kufinyelele emazingeni okuphatha kweReagan, okuguqula ukulinganiswa kwamandla ebuholini baseMelika.
Uma ngoSepthemba iningi lamalungu e-FOMC lalivuna ukuhlehlisa ukunyuka kwamanani kuze kube ngu-2023, manje amavoti ahlukaniswe ngokulinganayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, kwabangu-9 “oklebe,” abathathu bafuna ukukhuphula izinga kabili - kuze kufike ku-0.5-0.75%.
Izinga lokuhamba ngomkhondo nalo selikhuphukile, iningi kwiFed manje selithanda izintaba ezine ngo-2023, yize ezinyangeni ezintathu ezedlule, iningi le-FOMC livote kabili kuphela.
Ngasikhathi sinye, isibalo salabo abakholelwa ukuthi ukwehla kwamandla emali kungadlula izibikezelo sekuyirekhodi emlandweni - abali-12 kwabangu-18 abamele ikomidi.
Ukunqunywa kweQE “kungenzeka emhlanganweni olandelayo” futhi kuzophela “ndawo thize phakathi nonyaka ozayo,” ngemuva kwalokho iFed izoqala ukukhuphula inzalo, kusho inhloko yomlawuli uJerome Powell esithangamini nabezindaba. Ngenxa yalokho, isibikezelo sokunyuka kwamanani e-United States sishintshele ku-2022, okuyisici esinamandla sedola. Ngokusho kwabahlaziyi be-ING, "imakethe ibilindele ukuthi iFed iqale ukunciphisa ukuthenga kabusha impahla, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, ibibekwe kuma-zero rates eminye iminyaka emibili."
Manje abatshalizimali kuzofanele "baphinde benze intengo," futhi ibhange likholelwa ukuthi okulindelwe kungashintsha kungabi nokukodwa kepha kukhuphuke kabili. Okokuqala, izimali ezithela kakhulu emazweni asathuthuka zizowela ngaphansi kwenqubomgomo yokuqinisa e-United States, kuxwayisa i-ING.
Umqondo wokuboleka amadola ashibhile nokutshala imali, ngokwesibonelo, kuma-ruble ngo-7% ngonyaka, uzolahleka kancane kancane: inzuzo yemali yaseMelika izoqala ukwanda, kanye nomehluko wephesenti lapho abatshalizimali bezentengiselwano ukudlala kwezimali kuzoqala ukuncipha.
Imakethe ibingelele imiphumela yomhlangano we-FRS ngokudideka: ngemuva kokugxuma, inkomba yedola yaqala ukwehla ngokungalindelekile, yabe isikhuphuka futhi futhi yabhala futhi inani eliphezulu lenyanga - amaphuzu angama-93.51. Izinga le-Euro uma liqhathaniswa nedola laseMelika lehle langaphansi kuka-1.17 futhi licishe leqa izinga eliphansi kusukela ngoNovemba nyakenye.
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