Ukutheleleka - Ungakhulumi Nomuntu, Ungathinti Lutho
Ifilimu i-Contagion yango-2011 ibe yisihlobo sabashayeli be-movie base-USA. Esizeni esizimele sokubuyekezwa kontanga rottentomatoes.com kukalwe kakhulu. Kwakukhona ifilimu yaseFrance ngo-2009 nayo ebizwa nge-contagion kanti okusolwayo ukuthi e-Hollywood 'isiko' elihle kakhulu ifemu yezimboni zaseMelika ithathe ifilimu enkulu yolimi lwakwelinye izwe futhi yalinika ubukhulu bayo ngokushintsha udaba lwendaba (njalo kancane) nokupakisha ifilimu ngezinkanyezi zohlu luka-'A '. Okuxakayo noma okuqondanisayo ukuthi igama elithi "contagion", eligcine ukusetshenziswa ngo-2009, liyaphinda futhi likhulunywe ngevolumu eyengeziwe nangokujwayelekile.
Ukutheleleka kulandela intuthuko esheshayo yegciwane eliyingozi elisemoyeni elibulala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Njengoba ubhadane oluhamba ngesivinini lukhula, umphakathi wezokwelapha womhlaba wonke ugijimela ukuthola ikhambi nokulawula ukwethuka okusakazeka ngokushesha kunegciwane uqobo. Ngasikhathi sinye, abantu abavamile bayasokola ukuze baphile emphakathini ohlukanisayo…
Ngeke kuthathe ikhono eliningi ukushintsha le ncazelo yama-movie ukuze ivumelane nokuwohloka kwamanje kwezezimali emhlabeni wonke, besimane simane sishintshane ngamagama athi "umphakathi wezokwelapha" nokuthi "umphakathi wezezimali" futhi ukulingana kuzophelela. Mayelana nokuthi uBen Bernanke angathola isikhundla esiphambili ngaphambi kukaJude Law, noma uChristine Lagarde ngaphambi kukaMarrion Cottilard akungabazeki, okuqinisekile ukuthi ifilimu inesiphetho sethemba, isimo esingaqinisekisiwe ngokoqobo ukuthi UBernanke noLagarde njengamanje balingisa.
I-Wikipedia inokungena kwe- ukutheleleka kwezezimali lokho kuchaza izinto ezenzeka phakathi kwezigaba ezimbalwa;
Ukutheleleka kwezezimali kubhekisa esimweni lapho ukwethuka okuncane, okuqala kuthinte kuphela izikhungo ezimbalwa zezezimali noma isifunda esithile somnotho, kusabalale kuyo yonke imikhakha yezezimali nakwamanye amazwe umnotho wawo owawuphilile phambilini, ngendlela efana nokudluliswa yesifo sezokwelapha. Ukutheleleka kwezezimali kwenzeka ezingeni lomhlaba kanye nasezingeni lasekhaya. Ezingeni lasekhaya, imvamisa ukwehluleka kwebhange lasekhaya noma umxhumanisi wezezimali kubangela ukudluliswa uma kungakhokhi kwizikweletu zamabhange futhi kuthengisa izimpahla ekuthengisweni komlilo, ngaleyo ndlela kwehlisa ukuzethemba emabhange afanayo.Isibonelo salesi simo ukwehluleka kweLehman Brothers kanye nezinxushunxushu ezalandela ezimakethe zezimali zase-United States. Ukutheleleka kwezezimali kwamazwe omhlaba, okwenzeka emnothweni osezingeni eliphezulu nakwezomnotho osathuthuka, kungukuhanjiswa kwezinkinga zezimali ezimakethe zezimali zezomnotho oqondile noma ongaqondile. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kohlelo lwezezimali lwanamuhla, ngokugeleza okukhulu kwemali, njenge-hedge fund kanye nokusebenza kwamabhange amakhulu, ukutheleleka kwezezimali kuvame ukwenzeka ngasikhathi sinye phakathi kwezikhungo zasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe. Imbangela yokutheleleka ngokwezezimali imvamisa ingaphezu kwencazelo yezomnotho wangempela, njengevolumu yokuhweba yamazwe womabili.
Kunezinye izincazelo zesifo esithathelwanayo esandulele isikhathi 'segciwane' lezezimali. Kubandakanya: isifo esidluliswa noma esingadluliselwa ngokuxhumana okuqondile noma okungaqondile; isifo esithathelwanayo. Imbangela eqondile, njengegciwane noma igciwane, lesifo esithathelwanayo. Psychology; ukusabalala kwendlela yokuziphatha, isimo sengqondo, noma imizwa kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye noma eqenjini kuya eqenjini ngokusikisela, inkulumo-ze, amahemuhemu, noma ukulingisa. Ithonya elilimazayo, elonakalisayo; ukwesaba ukuthi udlame kuthelevishini luyisifo esithathelanayo esithinta ababukeli abasha. Ukuthambekela kokusakazeka, njengokufundisa, ithonya, noma isimo somzwelo.
I-psychology yesifo esithathelwanayo iyathakazelisa futhi ibaluleke kakhulu kunezincazelo zesifo ukuthi i-malaise yamanje ikhathazekile. Akungabazeki ukuthi kukhona inhlangano yezepolitiki engosomathuba edlalayo, evela e-USA nase-UK, inhloso yayo ukukhomba ukusolwa ohlangothini lwase-Europe futhi ikakhulukazi eGrisi ngezinkinga nobunzima obukhona njengamanje. Njengoba inkolelo-mbono yokutheleleka iphinde yangena nge-eurozone, lapho inkinga yezikweletu zaseGrisi ngokusobala ithelela amazwe angomakhelwane futhi isabisa ngokuwela i-Atlantic iye ogwini lwase-US, mhlawumbe sekuyisikhathi sokuqaqa lo mbono bese ubeka umbono othile ngomsuka.
Sikhunjuzwa nsuku zonke ngengozi yokutheleleka, kepha njengoba abafundi abaningi bezokwelapha bezofakaza ukuthi izifo ezinobungozi zivame 'ukukhipha' ababuthakathaka, noma labo asebevele behlaselwe kuqala. Iminotho enempilo ayithinteki 'ezifweni' zaseGreece, abagulayo, asebevele bekhungethwe ngamazinga aphakeme esikweletu kanye nezabelomali zombuso ezivinjelwe, abadingi othwali ukuthi angenwe yilesi sifo, sebevele bayasifaka lesi sifo. Izindiza ezinkulu ezivela kulawa mazwe akubona ubufakazi bokusuleleka, imali enkulu ayibalekeli izimakethe zezikweletu ezinkulu, ngokwesibonelo, iSpain, iFrance, iPortugal, i-Ireland ne-Italy ngoba iGreece ayikwazi ukukhokha izikweletu zayo. Izithelo zebond ziyakhuphuka ngenxa yengozi eyengeziwe lawo mazwe angazithola esemkhunjini ofanayo nowaseGrisi: engakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezibopho zawo zezikweletu ezinzima. Ngamafuphi babanga ezabo izinkinga.
Ubunzima bomhlaba wezezimali obuxhumene bukhonjiswe kahle kakhulu yimali engabanjwanga ekhokhelwa imali engaphansi kwe-subprime ethelele amabhange eYurophu nase-Asia, ngenxa yesimangaliso sokuqalwa kwezokuphepha akukho mabhange aphephile. Amabhange aseYurophu aphethe isikweletu saseGrisi asengozini yokulahlekelwa futhi asengozini kuzo zonke izikweletu ze-PIIGS nezikweletu zaseFrance futhi. Amabhange aseFrance achayeka ngokumangazayo esithathelwanini esihlanganisiwe noma ngabe aqukethe amazwe athile aseYurophu. Kuqukethe iYurophu kuphela ukwehluleka kwe: Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Ireland kanye neFrance impela bekungaba ukunisela ngamehlo, izindleko eziphansi zama- circa € 2 trillion kuye kwaba 'yikite egeleza' njengesilinganiso somgodi omnyama ongadinga gcwaliswa futhi kukhona ukwesaba kwangempela, hhayi izikweletu zaseGrisi ngazwinye, kepha ukuthinteka kwegciwane ku-domino. IGrisi, njengengxenye yalelo lize, izoba ngaphansi kuka-10%.
I-US isivele ingenwe yigciwane lesikweletu. Kusesikhathini sayo sokufukamela, kusize ukudala lesi sifo kubhu lezimali kule minyaka eyishumi edlule. Ngokufana nefilimu le nguqulo yempilo yangempela yango-2011 yedrama yasekuqaleni ka-2008-2009 ingahle igqame kakhulu futhi nethemba lesintu lingavumelana nethemba ifilimu eliphela ngalo. Kodwa-ke, kunabaningi phakathi kwethu abasazogcina umbono wokuthi inkinga ibisingathwe kahle ngo-2009 besingeke sidinge ukuthi sibhekane nalokhu okwenziwe kabusha okwenziwe yiHollywood.
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