UJan 13 • Amagqabantshintshi eMarike • 7468 izimvo • Comments Off Ngaba iChina iqala ngokuPhumla okukhulu ukusuka kwiDola zaseMelika?
Ngokwenyani yintsomi yasezidolophini ukuba udonga olukhulu lwaseTshayina “lubonakala ukusuka enyangeni” okanye lubonakala kwi-orbit ngeliso lenyama ngaphandle kokuba siyayamkela into yokuba ukusebenzisa umhlaba kaGoogle kuyafana. Ibango lokuba uDonga Olukhulu luyabonakala luye lwachithwa amaxesha amaninzi kodwa lisamiliselwe kwinkcubeko eyaziwayo.
Udonga lunobuninzi be-9.1 m (30 ft) ububanzi, kwaye lumalunga nombala ofanayo nomhlaba ojikelezileyo. Ngokusekwe kwi-optics yamandla okusombulula (umgama xa uthelekiswa nobubanzi be iris: iimilimitha ezimbalwa zeliso lomntu, iimitha zeeteleskopu ezinkulu) kuphela into echasene nengqiqo kwindawo eyingqongileyo eyi-70 mi (110 km) okanye ngaphezulu ububanzi. iya kubonakala ngeliso elizimeleyo ukusuka enyangeni, umgama wayo ophakathi ukusuka eMhlabeni yi-384,393 km.
Ububanzi obubonakalayo boDonga Olukhulu ukusuka enyangeni bufana nobo bonwele bomntu obujongwa kumgama oziikhilomitha ezi-2. Ukubona udonga olusuka enyangeni kuya kufuna isisombululo sesithuba esiphindwe ka-3.2 kunombono oqhelekileyo (17,000/20). Ngokungamangalisiyo, akukho somajukujuku wenyanga owakha wabanga ukuba walubona uDonga Olukhulu ukusuka enyangeni.
Umbuzo ophikiswana ngakumbi ngowokuba ingaba uDonga luyabonakala na kwi-orbit yomhlaba ephantsi, umphakamo ongangeemayile ezili-100 (160 km). I-NASA ithi ayibonakali, kwaye kuphela phantsi kweemeko eziphantse zigqibelele; ayibonakali ngakumbi kunezinye izinto ezininzi ezenziwe ngumntu. Abanye ababhali baye baxela ukuba ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwe-optics yeso kunye nesithuba se-photoreceptors kwi-retina, akunakwenzeka ukubona udonga ngeso lenyama, nakwi-orbit ephantsi, kwaye kuya kufuna ukubonwa kwe-20/3. Amaxesha angama-7.7 angcono kunesiqhelo).
Ngo-2001, uNeil Armstrong wathi malunga nembono evela kwi-Apollo 11:
Andikholelwa ukuba, ubuncinane ngamehlo am, inokubakho nayiphi na into eyenziwe ngumntu endinokuyibona. Andikafumani mntu ondixelele ukuba ulubonile uDonga lwaseTshayina ukusuka kwi-Earth orbit. Ndibuze abantu abohlukeneyo, ngakumbi abafana beShuttle, abebehamba ngeendlela ezininzi eTshayina emini, kwaye abo bendikhe ndathetha nabo khange bayibone.
Ngo-Okthobha ka-2003, usomajukujuku waseTshayina uYang Liwei wathi khange akwazi ukubona uDonga olukhulu lwaseTshayina. Ukuphendula, i-European Space Agency (ESA) ikhuphe ingxelo yeendaba ukuba ukusuka kwi-orbit phakathi kwe-160 kunye ne-320 km, i-Great Wall ibonakala ngeso lenyama. Ngelinge lokucacisa ngakumbi izinto, i-ESA yapapasha umfanekiso wenxalenye "Yodonga Olukhulu" olufotwe kwi-Space. Nangona kunjalo, kushicilelo lweendaba kwiveki kamva (engasafumaneki kwiwebhusayithi ye-ESA), bavuma ukuba "uDonga Olukhulu" olusemfanekisweni yayingumlambo...
Imbali ibonisa ukuba imvelaphi yokuqala yodonga olukhulu inokulandelwa ukuya kuthi ga kwinkulungwane yesihlanu okanye neyesibhozo ngaphambi kweXesha lethu Eliqhelekileyo. Kwakungexesha lolawulo lweMing apho udonga sele siluqonda njengento eqala ukwakhiwa. inkcubeko yesigulana e-China, kodwa izimisele ngokupheleleyo kwisizathu kunye nekhosi xa sele iseti.
Oovimba abasemthethweni baseTshayina batyibilika baya kwi-3.18 yezigidi zezigidi zeedola kwikota yokugqibela ka-2011. IBhanki yaBantu yaseTshayina yapapasha idatha ngoLwesihlanu ebonisa i-20.6 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, okanye i-0.6 yeepesenti, iwela koovimba kwiinyanga ezintathu zokugqibela zonyaka, nangona ibutho laseBeijing lobutyebi bangaphandle. iseyeyona inkulu ehlabathini. Oovimba behle ngoNovemba nangoDisemba, ukuwa kwenyanga okulandelelanayo kokuqala ukusukela kwikota yokuqala ka-2009, mhlawumbi luphawu lwempembelelo yokuba intsalela yorhwebo ewayo kunye nokuphuma kwemali eqikelelwayo enayo kwi-capital flow yase-China.
Ukwehla koovimba baseTshayina kunokuqalisa ukukholisa abanye abagxeki abathi bayimveliso yezoqoqosho exhomekeke kwi-yuan enganexabiso eliphantsi ukuze kukhule ukukhula okuqhutywa kumazwe angaphandle. Uqikelelo oluphakathi olwenziwa ngoosoqoqosho yayikukuba oovimba botshintshiselwano lwangaphandle lwaseTshayina luzinzile ekupheleni kukaDisemba ukusuka ekupheleni kwekota yesithathu.
Oovimba baseTshayina ngabona bakhulu kwihlabathi, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuvalwa kwe-dollar yebhanki ephakathi kwi-akhawunti yemali evaliweyo yelizwe. Kodwa abanye abahlalutyi baqaphele ukuba ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kweyuan kwiindawo zokurhweba kuya kunceda ukucotha ikamva laseTshayina lokwakhiwa kweemali zangaphandle.
Kwikota yesithathu ka-2011, oovimba botshintshiselwano lwangaphandle benyuke nje i-4.2 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ukuya kwirekhodi ye-3.2 yetriliyoni. Isantya sasicotha ngokuphawulekayo kunokwenyuka kweebhiliyoni zeedola ezili-152.8 kwikota yesibini. ($1 = 6.3178 Yuan yaseTshayina)
Kwaye ngelixa ukuwa kwekota kungabonisi inqwelomoya enkulu evela e-China, abahlalutyi bathi iyaphikisana ukuba iBeijing iphinde ihlise isixa semali esenza ukuba iibhanki zibambe njengovimba ukuqinisekisa ukuba imali eyaneleyo kwimarike.
Oorhulumente bamazwe angaphandle babambe malunga neepesenti ezingama-46 zawo onke amatyala ase-US abanjwe luluntu, ngaphezulu kwe-4.5 yeetriliyoni zeedola. Oyena mnini mkhulu wangaphandle wetyala lase-US yi-China, ephethe ngaphezulu malunga ne-1.2 yezigidi zezigidi zeedola kwiibhili, amanqaku kunye neebhondi, ngokutsho kukaNondyebo.
Amanani akhoyo ngo-2010 acebisa ukuba i-China ingabanini malunga nepesenti ezisi-8 zamatyala ase-US agcinwe esidlangalaleni. Kubo bonke abanini betyala lase-US i-China yeyesithathu ngobukhulu, emva kuphela kwe-Social Security Trust ye-Social Security Holdings ephantse ibe yi-3 yezigidigidi zeedola kunye ne-Federal Reserve phantse i-$ 2 yezigidigidi ze-Treasury investments, ezithengiweyo njengenxalenye yenkqubo yayo yokunciphisa ukunyusa uqoqosho. .
Ukubeka ubunini baseTshayina betyala lase-US ngokwembono, ukubamba i-1.2 yetriliyoni yeedola likhulu ngakumbi kunemali yamakhaya aseMelika. Abemi base-US babambe kuphela malunga ne-959 yeebhiliyoni zeedola kwityala lase-US, ngokutsho kweFederal Reserve.
Abanye abanini bamanye amazwe abakhulu abanamatyala e-US baquka iJapan, ephethe i-912 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi; iUnited Kingdom, eneedola ezingama-347 ezigidi; IBrazil, enezigidi ezingama-211 zeerandi; ITaiwan, ene-153 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi; kunye neHong Kong, ephethe i-122 lamawaka ezigidi zeedola.
iTshayinaoovimba baseTshayina
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Ngaba iChina iqala ngokuPhumla okukhulu okuvela kwiidola zaseMelika?
UJan 13 • Amagqabantshintshi eMarike • 7468 izimvo • Comments Off Ngaba iChina iqala ngokuPhumla okukhulu ukusuka kwiDola zaseMelika?
Ngokwenyani yintsomi yasezidolophini ukuba udonga olukhulu lwaseTshayina “lubonakala ukusuka enyangeni” okanye lubonakala kwi-orbit ngeliso lenyama ngaphandle kokuba siyayamkela into yokuba ukusebenzisa umhlaba kaGoogle kuyafana. Ibango lokuba uDonga Olukhulu luyabonakala luye lwachithwa amaxesha amaninzi kodwa lisamiliselwe kwinkcubeko eyaziwayo.
Udonga lunobuninzi be-9.1 m (30 ft) ububanzi, kwaye lumalunga nombala ofanayo nomhlaba ojikelezileyo. Ngokusekwe kwi-optics yamandla okusombulula (umgama xa uthelekiswa nobubanzi be iris: iimilimitha ezimbalwa zeliso lomntu, iimitha zeeteleskopu ezinkulu) kuphela into echasene nengqiqo kwindawo eyingqongileyo eyi-70 mi (110 km) okanye ngaphezulu ububanzi. iya kubonakala ngeliso elizimeleyo ukusuka enyangeni, umgama wayo ophakathi ukusuka eMhlabeni yi-384,393 km.
Ububanzi obubonakalayo boDonga Olukhulu ukusuka enyangeni bufana nobo bonwele bomntu obujongwa kumgama oziikhilomitha ezi-2. Ukubona udonga olusuka enyangeni kuya kufuna isisombululo sesithuba esiphindwe ka-3.2 kunombono oqhelekileyo (17,000/20). Ngokungamangalisiyo, akukho somajukujuku wenyanga owakha wabanga ukuba walubona uDonga Olukhulu ukusuka enyangeni.
Umbuzo ophikiswana ngakumbi ngowokuba ingaba uDonga luyabonakala na kwi-orbit yomhlaba ephantsi, umphakamo ongangeemayile ezili-100 (160 km). I-NASA ithi ayibonakali, kwaye kuphela phantsi kweemeko eziphantse zigqibelele; ayibonakali ngakumbi kunezinye izinto ezininzi ezenziwe ngumntu. Abanye ababhali baye baxela ukuba ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwe-optics yeso kunye nesithuba se-photoreceptors kwi-retina, akunakwenzeka ukubona udonga ngeso lenyama, nakwi-orbit ephantsi, kwaye kuya kufuna ukubonwa kwe-20/3. Amaxesha angama-7.7 angcono kunesiqhelo).
Ngo-2001, uNeil Armstrong wathi malunga nembono evela kwi-Apollo 11:
Andikholelwa ukuba, ubuncinane ngamehlo am, inokubakho nayiphi na into eyenziwe ngumntu endinokuyibona. Andikafumani mntu ondixelele ukuba ulubonile uDonga lwaseTshayina ukusuka kwi-Earth orbit. Ndibuze abantu abohlukeneyo, ngakumbi abafana beShuttle, abebehamba ngeendlela ezininzi eTshayina emini, kwaye abo bendikhe ndathetha nabo khange bayibone.
Ngo-Okthobha ka-2003, usomajukujuku waseTshayina uYang Liwei wathi khange akwazi ukubona uDonga olukhulu lwaseTshayina. Ukuphendula, i-European Space Agency (ESA) ikhuphe ingxelo yeendaba ukuba ukusuka kwi-orbit phakathi kwe-160 kunye ne-320 km, i-Great Wall ibonakala ngeso lenyama. Ngelinge lokucacisa ngakumbi izinto, i-ESA yapapasha umfanekiso wenxalenye "Yodonga Olukhulu" olufotwe kwi-Space. Nangona kunjalo, kushicilelo lweendaba kwiveki kamva (engasafumaneki kwiwebhusayithi ye-ESA), bavuma ukuba "uDonga Olukhulu" olusemfanekisweni yayingumlambo...
Imbali ibonisa ukuba imvelaphi yokuqala yodonga olukhulu inokulandelwa ukuya kuthi ga kwinkulungwane yesihlanu okanye neyesibhozo ngaphambi kweXesha lethu Eliqhelekileyo. Kwakungexesha lolawulo lweMing apho udonga sele siluqonda njengento eqala ukwakhiwa. inkcubeko yesigulana e-China, kodwa izimisele ngokupheleleyo kwisizathu kunye nekhosi xa sele iseti.
Oovimba abasemthethweni baseTshayina batyibilika baya kwi-3.18 yezigidi zezigidi zeedola kwikota yokugqibela ka-2011. IBhanki yaBantu yaseTshayina yapapasha idatha ngoLwesihlanu ebonisa i-20.6 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, okanye i-0.6 yeepesenti, iwela koovimba kwiinyanga ezintathu zokugqibela zonyaka, nangona ibutho laseBeijing lobutyebi bangaphandle. iseyeyona inkulu ehlabathini. Oovimba behle ngoNovemba nangoDisemba, ukuwa kwenyanga okulandelelanayo kokuqala ukusukela kwikota yokuqala ka-2009, mhlawumbi luphawu lwempembelelo yokuba intsalela yorhwebo ewayo kunye nokuphuma kwemali eqikelelwayo enayo kwi-capital flow yase-China.
Ukwehla koovimba baseTshayina kunokuqalisa ukukholisa abanye abagxeki abathi bayimveliso yezoqoqosho exhomekeke kwi-yuan enganexabiso eliphantsi ukuze kukhule ukukhula okuqhutywa kumazwe angaphandle. Uqikelelo oluphakathi olwenziwa ngoosoqoqosho yayikukuba oovimba botshintshiselwano lwangaphandle lwaseTshayina luzinzile ekupheleni kukaDisemba ukusuka ekupheleni kwekota yesithathu.
Oovimba baseTshayina ngabona bakhulu kwihlabathi, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuvalwa kwe-dollar yebhanki ephakathi kwi-akhawunti yemali evaliweyo yelizwe. Kodwa abanye abahlalutyi baqaphele ukuba ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kweyuan kwiindawo zokurhweba kuya kunceda ukucotha ikamva laseTshayina lokwakhiwa kweemali zangaphandle.
Kwikota yesithathu ka-2011, oovimba botshintshiselwano lwangaphandle benyuke nje i-4.2 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ukuya kwirekhodi ye-3.2 yetriliyoni. Isantya sasicotha ngokuphawulekayo kunokwenyuka kweebhiliyoni zeedola ezili-152.8 kwikota yesibini. ($1 = 6.3178 Yuan yaseTshayina)
Kwaye ngelixa ukuwa kwekota kungabonisi inqwelomoya enkulu evela e-China, abahlalutyi bathi iyaphikisana ukuba iBeijing iphinde ihlise isixa semali esenza ukuba iibhanki zibambe njengovimba ukuqinisekisa ukuba imali eyaneleyo kwimarike.
Oorhulumente bamazwe angaphandle babambe malunga neepesenti ezingama-46 zawo onke amatyala ase-US abanjwe luluntu, ngaphezulu kwe-4.5 yeetriliyoni zeedola. Oyena mnini mkhulu wangaphandle wetyala lase-US yi-China, ephethe ngaphezulu malunga ne-1.2 yezigidi zezigidi zeedola kwiibhili, amanqaku kunye neebhondi, ngokutsho kukaNondyebo.
Amanani akhoyo ngo-2010 acebisa ukuba i-China ingabanini malunga nepesenti ezisi-8 zamatyala ase-US agcinwe esidlangalaleni. Kubo bonke abanini betyala lase-US i-China yeyesithathu ngobukhulu, emva kuphela kwe-Social Security Trust ye-Social Security Holdings ephantse ibe yi-3 yezigidigidi zeedola kunye ne-Federal Reserve phantse i-$ 2 yezigidigidi ze-Treasury investments, ezithengiweyo njengenxalenye yenkqubo yayo yokunciphisa ukunyusa uqoqosho. .
Ukubeka ubunini baseTshayina betyala lase-US ngokwembono, ukubamba i-1.2 yetriliyoni yeedola likhulu ngakumbi kunemali yamakhaya aseMelika. Abemi base-US babambe kuphela malunga ne-959 yeebhiliyoni zeedola kwityala lase-US, ngokutsho kweFederal Reserve.
Abanye abanini bamanye amazwe abakhulu abanamatyala e-US baquka iJapan, ephethe i-912 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi; iUnited Kingdom, eneedola ezingama-347 ezigidi; IBrazil, enezigidi ezingama-211 zeerandi; ITaiwan, ene-153 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi; kunye neHong Kong, ephethe i-122 lamawaka ezigidi zeedola.
iTshayinaoovimba baseTshayina
« Isoyikiso se-Euro-Wide Embargo xa ithelekiswa ne-Iran iyaphakanyiswa njengoko ii-Euro-Nations ziqonda ukuba ziyayidinga .. UMdali wenza i-Italiyane kuyilo nguMichael Angelo »