Abadlali abane beNtengiso enkulu abanokuchaphazela amaRhafu okuTshintshiselana ngeMali
Amaxabiso otshintshiselwano ngemali anokuchaphazeleka kungekuphela kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho nezopolitiko, kodwa nakwizenzo zabathathi-nxaxheba abakhulu kwimarike. Aba bathathi-nxaxheba beemarike bathengisa imali eninzi, inkulu kakhulu ukuba banokuchaphazela amaxabiso otshintshiselwano ngentengiselwano enye. Nalu ushwankathelo olufutshane lweminye yale mibutho kunye namaqela.
- Oorhulumente: La maziko kazwelonke, asebenza ngeebhanki zawo eziphambili, ngabona bantu banenxaxheba enkulu kwiimarike zemali. Iibhanki eziphambili zihlala zirhweba ngemali zixhasa imigaqo-nkqubo yazo yezemali yelizwe kunye neenjongo zoqoqosho ngokubanzi, zisebenzisa isixa esikhulu esigciniweyo. Omnye weyona mizekelo idumileyo kurhulumente oxhaphaza iimarike kwinkonzo yemigaqo-nkqubo yezoqoqosho yi China, edume ngokuthenga iibhiliyoni zeedola ezixabisa imali yaseMelika ukuze kugcinwe i-yuan kumanqanaba otshintshiselwano lwemali kunye nokugcina ukhuphiswano lwayo ukuthumela ngaphandle.
- Iibhanki: La maziko amakhulu ezemali arhweba ngeemali kwimarike ye-interbank, zihlala zihambisa isixa esikhulu sisebenzisa iinkqubo zokurhweba nge-elektroniki ngokusekwe kubudlelwane babo bekhredithi omnye komnye. Imisebenzi yabo yorhwebo ichonga amaxabiso otshintshiselwano abathengisi bacatshulwe kuwo amaqonga abo orhwebo. Okukhulu ebhankini, kokukhona ubudlelwane bekhredithi bunokubakho kwaye ngcono amazinga otshintshiselwano anokuyalela abathengi bayo. Kwaye ekubeni imarike yemali isasazwa ngokubanzi, kuyinto eqhelekileyo kwiibhanki ukuba zithengise / zithengise iikowuteshini zokutshintsha.
- Abakhulileyo: Aba bathengi bakhulu beshishini abathengisi kodwa ngabamashishini amakhulu kunye nemidla yeshishini enkulu efuna ukutshixa amaxabiso otshintshiselwano lwemali ngokusebenzisa iikhontrakthi ezinokubanika ilungelo lokuthenga isixa esithile semali ngexabiso elithile. Xa umhla wentengiselwano uphelile, umnini wesivumelwano unelungelo lokufumana imali okanye avumele ikhontrakthi yokhetho iphelelwe. Izinketho zeekhontrakthi zinceda inkampani ukuba iqikelele isixa senzuzo enokuyilindela kwintengiselwano ethile, kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokujongana nemali esesichengeni.
- Abaqapheli: La maqela aphakathi kwabathathi-nxaxheba abanempikiswano, kuba bengathathi nje ithuba lokutshintsha kwemali ukuze benze iingeniso, kodwa batyholwa ngokuxhaphaza amaxabiso emali endaweni yabo. Omnye wabona badumileyo kwaba bacingeli nguGeorge Soros, owaziwa “ngokuqhekeza” iBhanki yaseNgilani ngokwenza ingeniso ye-1 yezigidi zeedola ngosuku nje olunye lokurhweba ngokunciphisa imali eziibhiliyoni ezili-10 zeedola zase-UK. Ngokudume ngakumbi, nangona kunjalo, uSoros ubonwa njengendoda eyabangela ingxaki yezemali yaseAsia emva kokuba enze urhwebo olukhulu lokuqikelela, efinyeza i-baht yaseThai. Kodwa abaqikeleli ayingobantu nje kuphela kodwa namaziko, anje ngeedge fund. Ezi mali ziphikisanayo ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezingaqhelekanga kunye neendlela ezingekho mthethweni zokufumana imbuyekezo enkulu kutyalo-mali lwabo. Ezi mali ziye zatyholwa ngokuba ngunobangela wengxaki yemali yaseAsia, nangona uninzi lwabagxeki luthi eyona ngxaki yayikukungakwazi kweebhanki zikazwelonke ukulawula iimali zazo.
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