Ndi mitundu iti ya ndalama yomwe tiyenera kugulitsa ndi chifukwa chake 'tidakonzedwa' kuti tiwone tchati komwe kulibe
Olemba mabulogu ambiri a FX komanso omwe amapereka nawo mafamu a FX nthawi zambiri amatchula omwe ma peyala a FX ndi omwe "amakonda kuchita nawo malonda". Nthawi zambiri amatchulanso mawonekedwe apadera amitundu yomwe amawakonda komanso momwe awiriawiri (mwa lingaliro lawo) amachitira mosiyana ndi ma chart awo kwa ena ambiri. Ndipo komabe ngati tifunsa amalonda a FX akatswiri komanso ochita bwino ngati awona mtundu womwewo mwa awiriwa atha kunena kuti ayi. M'malo mwake atipangira kuti tiyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri kufalikira ndi kusinthasintha kwa ndalama popeza zinthu ziwirizi ndizolumikizana mosagwirizana. Ndipo kuti kufalikira ndikutchuka 'kwa kutchuka' kwa gulu linalake komwe kumatipangitsa kuti tisankhe machitidwe ake osati machitidwe omwe 'angatenge' kwakanthawi pamakalata athu.
Bwalo loyera likhoza kumalizidwa. Ngati kufalikira ndikotsika ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwazinthu ndizokwera, zomwe zikutanthauzanso kuti awiri azandalama ndi otchuka kwambiri pakati pa anzathu ogulitsa. Mwachidule kufalikira kotsika kumeneku ndichifukwa chake, awiriawiri amagulitsidwa kwambiri. Zonse zomwe zikunenedwa kodi pali zowona kuti izi ndizosavuta kugulitsa mitundu ya ndalama zomwe ambiri pakati pathu amati amaziona, kapena kodi ambiri a ife timangogula nthano yomwe yakhala ikuyesa nthawi yamalonda? Pakhoza kukhala chifukwa cha sayansi ndi chifukwa chomveka chokhalira ndi chidwi ngati amalonda kuti awone momwe mitengo ilili.
Apophenia - mawonekedwe owonera pazachabechabe
Monga anthu timapatsidwa mphoto nthawi zonse (kuyambira tili aang'ono) kupatula chisokonezo m'miyoyo yathu ya tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuyambira tili aang'ono kwambiri timalimbikitsidwanso kuthana ndi mavuto. Mwachitsanzo; Timalimbikitsidwa kukhala moyo wabwino mwa kusunga zipinda zathu zaukhondo ndipo zina zomwe timakumbukira kusukulu kwathu zimaphatikizapo kuthetsa masamu oyambira komanso kuwerengera magome. Chifukwa chake sizosadabwitsa kuti tikazindikira malonda timakhala osangalatsidwa ndipo (pamlingo winawake) timatengeka ndikuyesera kupanga dongosolo la zomwe zitha kukhala zisokonezo zopanda pake. Tikhozanso kuwona momwe amakhudzidwira ndi zikhulupiriro zawo zamalonda amalonda ambiri amakhala ngati atatsutsidwa pazomwe amachita zomwe amakhulupirira kuti ndizomveka.
Chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe timalakalaka dongosolo m'miyoyo yathu ndikumvetsetsa pazomwe zitha kukhala zochitika zosasinthika. Timakonda dongosolo m'miyoyo yathu. Gwiritsani ntchito maola ena, kupita kumakalasi olimbitsa thupi nthawi ina, kunena kuti nthawi yathu yopuma ndi zinthu zina zosangalatsa ndi kudzuka ndi kugona nthawi zina. Kukula kotereku kumapereka mphamvu zowongolera m'miyoyo yathu ndipo kwakhala mwala wapangodya wa ambiri a ife omwe tili m'gulu lathu lamakono.
Koma mitundu ilipo mu malonda; Titha kuwona bwino zochitika pamagulu ambiri a FX
Ndizovuta kutsutsana motsutsana ndi kuti titha kuwona dongosolo likukula pa tchati pomwe, mwachitsanzo, ndalama zazikuluzikulu zimayendera mwina mwezi umodzi kupitilira tchati cha tsiku ndi tsiku mosasinthika. Komabe, vulani tchati ku tchati cha namwali, mwakusinthira pa graph graph ndipo tili ndi chiyani? Mzere wosavuta wokhala ndi njira yolowera kumtunda komabe timagwiritsa ntchito zisonyezo zambiri ndikujambula mizere yambiri kuti tithandizire kuzindikira kwathu kapena malingaliro olakwika omwe njirayi ili ndi tanthauzo ndipo nthawi zina imakonzedweratu - ngati tikukhulupirira kuti zina mwazizindikirozi zitha kutsogolera osati kwanthawi. M'malo mwake graph yosavuta imangowonetsera omwe akupanga msika ndi malingaliro osunthika okhudzana ndi chitetezo china, kutengera zambiri zazidziwitso zomwe timapatsidwa nthawi zonse.
Ngati tingalembe nthawi yomwe amalonda masana angakopeke, ndipamene lingaliro la Apophenia ndilofunika kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "kutengera," kapena chizolowezi chopeza njira zopindulitsa mu phokoso lopanda tanthauzo. Ubongo wathu ndizikhulupiriro. Tili ndi makina odziwika bwino omwe amalumikizitsa timadontho ndikupanga tanthauzo kuchokera munjira zomwe timaganiza kuti timaziwona kulikonse. Nthawi zina A imalumikizidwa ndi B; nthawi zina sichoncho. Ngati ndi choncho, taphunzira china chake chamtengo wapatali chokhudza malonda komwe tingapange. Ndife mbadwa za omwe amapambana kwambiri pakupeza mawonekedwe. Izi zimadziwika kuti kuphunzira pagulu.
Apophenia ndizochitika pakuwona mawonekedwe kapena kulumikizana muzochitika zopanda tanthauzo kapena zopanda tanthauzo
Mawuwa akuti adatchulidwa ndi a Klaus Conrad omwe adawatanthauzira kuti "mawonekedwe olumikizana osakopeka" omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi "chidziwitso chazinthu zosazolowereka", koma wayimira chizolowezi cha anthu chofuna kudziwa momwe angadziwire mwachisawawa, monga ndi kutchova juga komanso zochitika zapadera.
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Apophenia imadziwika kuti ndi gwero lazomwe zimayambitsa kutchova juga, pomwe otchova juga amaganiza kuti akuwona zochitika pakupezeka manambala pamalotale, mawilo a roulette, ngakhale makhadi. Kusiyana kumodzi kwa izi kumadziwika kuti Chinyengo cha Kutchova Juga.
Chiyambi ndi kupezeka kwa Apophenia
Mu 1958, Klaus Conrad adasindikiza buku lodziwika bwino lotchedwa Die beginnende Schizophrenie. Versuch einer Gestaltanalyse des Wahns ("Kuyamba kwa schizophrenia. Kuyesera kupanga kusanthula kusokeretsa", komwe sikunamasuliridwe kapena kufalitsidwa mchingerezi), momwe adafotokozera mwatsatanetsatane momwe zimakhalira ndi magawo oyamba a schizophrenia.
Anapanga mawu oti "Apophänie" kuti afotokozere kuyambika kwa malingaliro onyenga mu psychosis. Neologism iyi imamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Greek apo + phaenein, kuwonetsa kuti schizophrenic poyamba imakumana ndi chinyengo ngati vumbulutso.
Mosiyana ndi epiphany, komabe, apophany siyimapereka chidziwitso pakuwona zenizeni kapena kulumikizana kwake, koma ndi "njira yobwereza mobwerezabwereza komanso modzidzimutsa yomwe ikukumana ndi matanthauzo achilendo m'gawo lonselo lazomwe zikuchitika", zomwe ndizodzidalira, zokhazokha ndi paranoid: "kuwonedwa, kuyankhulidwa, chinthu chofuna kumvetsera, ndikutsatiridwa ndi alendo". Mwachidule, "apophenia" ndikutanthauzira kolakwika komwe kwatenga tanthauzo losayenera lomwe Conrad sanapangire pomwe adayambitsa neologism "apophany".
Mu 2008, Michael Shermer adapanga liwu loti "patternicity", ndikulifotokoza ngati "chizolowezi chopeza mapangidwe atanthauzo mu phokoso lopanda tanthauzo". Mu The Believing Brain (2011), Shermer akuti tili ndi "chizolowezi chokhazikitsa njira ndi tanthauzo, cholinga, ndi bungwe", lomwe Shermer amalitcha "agenticity". Mu 2011, katswiri wamaganizidwe David Luke adanenanso kuti apophenia ndi gawo limodzi lamankhwala ndipo zomwe zimachitika, zomwe zimakonda kunena kuti mwayi wazomwe zakhala zikuwoneka, zitha kutchedwa "randomania". Luka akuwonetsa kuti izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri mmanja mukugwedeza zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku, monga kuwoneka ngati kulota, ndikuti izi zimachitika ngakhale kafukufuku wasayansi akuwonetsa kuti zochitikazo zitha kukhala zenizeni.
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