Zinthu Zisanu Ndi Ziwiri Zomwe Zimakhudza Mitengo Yosinthira Ndalama
Chofunikira kwambiri kukumbukira pazomwe zingakhudze mitengo yosinthira ndalama ndikuti zonse ndizomwe zingakhudze kupezeka ndi kufunikira kwa ndalama inayake m'misika. Mwachitsanzo, ngati pangakhale chiwongola dzanja chowonjezeka chakugulitsa kunja kwa America, chikadapangitsa kuti dollaryo iyamikire poyerekeza ndi ndalama zina, chifukwa padzakhala kufunika kowonjezera kobweza kobwezera kulipira ndalama zogulitsa ku US. Mbali inayi, kusakhazikika kwachuma kumatha kupangitsa amalonda kutaya madola, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti dollar itsike poyerekeza ndi ndalama zina. Nazi zina mwazinthu zazikulu zachuma zomwe zimakhudza mitengo yosinthira ndalama komanso zomwe wogulitsa ndalama aliyense ayenera kudziwa:
- Chiwongola dzanja. Ngati chiwongola dzanja mdziko muno chimakhala chokwanira poyerekeza ndi mayiko ena, zimakhala zokopa kwambiri kuti osunga ndalama aziyika ndalama kumeneko, zomwe zimapangitsa kuyamikira kusinthaku popeza kuli kofunika kwambiri ndalama zakomweko. M'malo mwake, ngakhale kuyerekezera pakati pa amalonda pamsika kuti chiwongola dzanja cha dziko lingakwere kungakhudze komwe mayendedwe amasinthidwe.
- Kusamala kwa malonda. Pakufunika kwa katundu wadziko kukuwonjezeka, pamakhala kufunika kwakukulu kwa ndalama zake kuti athe kulipira zogulitsa kunja. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kusinthitsa kuyamikire. Kumbali ina, dziko likamaitanitsa zochulukirapo kuposa zomwe limatumiza kunja, ndalama zosinthira zimachepa chifukwa pamakhala kufunikira kwakunja kwa ndalama zakomweko.
- Ngongole zapagulu. Nthawi zambiri, maboma amapereka ndalama pantchito zaboma pobwereka ndalama, ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa ngongole zaboma. Izi zitha kuchititsa kuti mitengo yosinthira ndalama ichepe chifukwa kulibe kufunika kwa ndalama zakomweko popeza osunga ndalama ali ndi nkhawa pakuyika ndalama kumayiko omwe ali ndi ngongole zambiri, chifukwa chodandaula kuti sangakwanitse kubweza ngongole zawo.
- Zandale. Chilichonse chomwe chimakhudza kukhazikika kwa dziko ndichotembereredwa kwa osunga ndalama, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwamitengo yosinthira. Mwachitsanzo, ngati pali chisankho chotsutsidwa kwambiri chomwe chingasokoneze kusintha kwamtendere kwamphamvu, osunga ndalama angasankhe kutulutsa ndalama zawo, zomwe zingapangitse kuti anthu azigwiritsa ntchito ndalama zochepa akamasinthana ndi ndalama zawo.
- Zochitika zachuma. Popeza mitengo yosinthira ndalama ikuwonetsa zachuma mdziko muno, nkhani zoyipa zachuma zitha kuchititsa kuti kusinthaku kusatsike pomwe nkhani yabwino imapangitsa kuyamikiridwa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati akuti Padziko Lonse Lapadziko Lonse lidzalemba zabwino, zitha kubweretsa ndalama zambiri, ndikupangitsa kuti anthu azifuna ndalama zakomweko ndikuyamikira kusinthaku.
- Mitengo yama inflation. Kufufuma sikuwonetsanso kusintha kwamitengo pakapita nthawi, komanso mphamvu yogulira ndalama kapena kuchuluka kwa katundu ndi ntchito zomwe zitha kugula. Dziko likakhala ndi mitengo yotsika yotsika, mitengo yosinthira ndalama imayamika chifukwa pamakhala kufunikira kwakukulu kwa katundu. Kupuma kwa mitengo nthawi zambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi chiwongola dzanja chifukwa mabanki apakati nthawi zambiri amasunthira kutsika kwachuma powonjezera chiwongola dzanja kuti muchepetse ndalama zomwe zikuzungulira pachuma.
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