Kaikuaʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i kahi manawa?
"Ua ʻōlelo pinepine lākou iaʻu e kūkulu ana wau i kahi moe, a no laila ua ukali wau i ka lehulehu,
I ka wā he lepo e mahi, a i ʻole nā pū e hāpai ai, ma laila mau wau ma ka hana.
ʻLelo lākou iaʻu ke kūkulu nei wau i kahi moe,
me ka maluhia a me ka hanohano i mua,
No ke aha wau e kū nei i ka laina,
ke kakali wale nei no ka berena? "
"I ka manawa aʻu i kūkulu ai i kahi ala kaʻaahi, ua hoʻokele wau, ua heihei me ka manawa ʻole.
I hoʻokahi manawa kūkulu wau i alahao; i kēia manawa ua pau. E ke kaikaina, hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i kahi dime?
I ka manawa aʻu i kūkulu ai i hale kiaʻi, a hiki i ka lā, ka pōhaku lepo, a me ka rivet, a me ka lime;
I ka manawa aʻu i kūkulu ai i hale kiaʻi, ua pau kēia. E ke kaikaina, hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i kahi dime? "
Brother, Can You Spare a Dime, "lyrics by Yip Harburg, mele na Jay G posible (1931)
I loko nō o ka nūhou o ka wā i nehinei, ua ʻalo ka USA i ka pōkā o ke kūlou pālua ʻana, ʻo nā hōʻike hou loa mai ka US mai kūlike ʻole me ka optimism;
ʻO kahi noiʻi hou, i alakaʻi ʻia e Gordon Green a me John Coder i paʻi ʻia e Sentier Research, ua wehe ʻia i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā loaʻa makahiki waena (hoʻoponopono no ka hoʻonui kālā) i ka 6.7 pākēneka ma waena o Iune 2009 a me Iune 2011, ʻoi aku ia ma mua o ka pāpālua o ka hāʻule 3.2 ka pākēneka i ʻike ʻia i ka wā hou . ʻO ka loaʻa kālā waena o ka home makahiki i lalo i $ 49,909 i Iune 2011 mai $ 55,309 i Kēkēmapa 2007, i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai ka hoʻomaha. Ua hoʻomau ka nalowale ʻana o nā home ʻAmelika ʻoiai ua ulu hou kahi ulu. Ua kū ka ulu ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai i ka hapa mua o 2011, e neʻe ana ma mua o hoʻokahi pakeneka o ka uku makahiki. I ka hapaha ʻelua, piʻi aʻe ka hoʻolilo kālā ʻana o nā mea kūʻai mai kahi 0.7 pakeneka wale nō ka wikiwiki, ʻo ka nāwaliwali loa mai ka hā o ka hapahā o 2009.
Ke hoʻomaka nei nā holomua ʻoihana e holo wikiwiki, me kekahi ʻoihana inoa nui i waena o ka poʻe e hakakā nei no ke ola. Pono paha ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e hele i ka ʻaha e hoʻoponopono hou i kāna ʻaelike hana, a ua hōʻoia ʻo Kodak he loio loio i ʻike ʻia no ka lawe ʻana i nā ʻoihana ma o ka panakalupa e ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo nei i ka hoʻolālā ʻana e like me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻokahuli i ka nalo ʻana o kāna ʻoihana kiʻi kuʻuna e like me ka hopena o ka holomua.
ʻO nā ʻoihana i nā ʻano ʻoihana, ʻoihana ʻoihana ʻoihana e like me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa pilikino ʻana, nā wahi kūʻai liʻiliʻi e like me nā hale ʻaina, ka ikehu hou, a me ka ʻoihana pepa, ua hāʻule i ka pale o ka Mokuna 11 ma USA i nā mahina i hala iho nei. ʻO ka hoʻokele waiwai nāwaliwali, hāʻule ʻana i ka hoʻolilo kālā ʻana a nā mea kūʻai aku a hoʻoweliweli hoʻi i nā ʻoihana hōʻaiʻē e hoʻoweliweli pū nei i nā ʻoihana hakakā i nā ʻoihana like ʻole e like me ka hoʻouna ʻana, ka mākaʻikaʻi, nā media, ka ikehu a me nā waiwai. A ke noho nei ka waiwai ma laila ma ke ʻano he kāne bogey i ke kihi ʻaʻole e hele. Aia kekahi mau mokuʻāina ʻo USA i loaʻa nā kumukūʻai o ka hale kokoke a i ʻole hoʻi i nā pae 1999, a ʻo ia ka nui o nā pilikia e noho ana ma ka pale kaulike a ka Fed ke kūʻai aku nei lākou i ka hapa nui o kēia 'junk' subprime ma ka panakō i nā puni mua o QE.
ʻOiai ka maʻa o ka hoʻopiʻi a me ka manamana lima e kuhikuhi ana i ka ʻaoʻao o ʻEulopa a me Kina paha e holomua nā ʻoihana a USA e noho nei i kēia manawa he home ulu a me nā hanana incubated. He ʻumi mau hui me ka hapa liʻiliʻi he $ 100 miliona o nā waiwai i waiho ʻia no ka panakalupa i Kepakemapa, ʻo ka hapanui o ka ʻumikūmāhiku i waiho ʻia i ʻApelila, ʻo ia ka mahina ʻoi loa ʻoi loa mai ka 2009, e like me ka ʻike i loaʻa mai bankruptcydata.com. ʻO nā panakalupa hou e pili ana me ka mea hana pepa makamae makamae NewPage Corp, (ka panakalupa nui nui o ka makahiki) a me ka faila ʻoihana kālā ʻole nui mai ka 2009; ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo Graceway, ka mea e hana i nā kalima ʻili; ʻO Hussey Copper, ka mea e hana i nā kī keleawe i hoʻohana ʻia i nā switchboard, a me nā Hōkū ʻo Dallas o ka National Hockey League. I ʻOkakopa nei, ʻelima mau ʻoihana i ʻoi aku ma mua o $ 100 miliona i nā waiwai i faila no ka panakalupa, e like me ka chain ice cream a Friendly a me ka hui broadband pūnaewele Open Range Communication.
Ke kūʻai ʻia nei ka mākeke hoʻopaʻa i kahi kanaono pākēneka makaʻu o ke emi ʻana ma ke ala o ka hōʻailona mākeke hoʻopaʻa i wānana ʻia i kēlā me kēia US recession mai ka makahiki 1970, ka piʻo hāʻawi kālā i kapa ʻia. Ua ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o nā helu manawa pōkole ma mua o nā hua o ka wā lōʻihi, a i ʻole hoʻohuli ʻia, ma mua o kēlā me kēia ʻehiku mau recession mai ka makahiki 1970. ʻO kahi contraction ka mea paʻakikī i ka US e hōʻemi i ka hana ʻole, i mālama ʻia ma 9 a ʻoi paha pakeneka i kēlā me kēia mahina koe ʻelua Mei 2009, me ka heluhelu ʻana o 9.1 pakeneka i Kepakemapa.
Ua ʻaʻa nō ka poʻe Kina e hoʻopuka i ka huaʻōlelo 'D' i ke alakaʻi a USA ma o kahi ʻōlelo ʻ Chineselelo Kina mai Xinhua;
Aia kekahi mau ʻano like i nā makahiki 1930. ʻOkoʻa ka hoʻokele waiwai o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me ka hoʻokele waiwai honua mai ka makahiki 1930, akā ʻo ka nānā ʻana i ka mōʻaukala e kōkua ai ka US Senate i ka ʻike ʻana i nā pilikia, nā kūlike ʻole a me nā pilikia o ka pila kālā. He ʻōlelo kahiko a Kina e pono i kekahi ke hoʻohana i ka mōʻaukala ma ke aniani e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka piʻi a me ka hina ʻana o nā mokuʻāina. Lana ko mākou manaʻo e koi ana kēlā mau kālaiʻāina ʻAmelika e koi aku i ka renminbi e mahalo e lawe i nā haʻawina o ka mōʻaukala a poʻo i nā leo o ke kumu, a hana ʻole i kahi hana lapuwale e hōʻeha ai i ko lākou lāhui ponoʻī a me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
ʻAʻole hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka raft o nā 'hōʻailona recession' hemahema i USA, ma UK ma ke kakahiaka Pōʻalua kahi hōʻike i hōʻike ʻia e waiho ʻia nā keiki he 600,000 i ka ʻilihune i ka heleleʻi ʻana o nā loaʻa ma Britain i ʻehiku pakeneka ma waena o 2009-10 a me 2012- 13 a hoʻololi ke aupuni i ka ʻōnaehana pono. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS) ʻo ka hāʻule ka mea nui loa no 35 mau makahiki.
ʻO kēia "hāʻule mua ʻole i nā kūlana ola" hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka piʻi kiʻekiʻe a me nā ulu loaʻa nāwaliwali ma hope o ke kūleʻa hohonu. Ua haʻi pū lākou i nā hoʻoponopono i hāpai ʻia e ke aupuni hui e hāpai i ka ilihune keiki loa (kahi o ka loaʻa kālā o ka home ma lalo o 60 pākēneka o ka loaʻa kālā waena 2010-11, hoʻoponopono ʻia no ka hoʻonui) e 200,000 ma 2015-16 a me 300,000 i 2020-21.
Wanana ia he 3.1 miliona mau keiki, a i ʻole ma kahi o 23 pākēneka wale nō, o nā keiki ma Pelekane e ilihune loa ana e 2013, mai ka 2.5 miliona (19.3 pākēneka) i ka makahiki 2010, a me ka 3.1 miliona e noho ʻilihune loa ana i ka makahiki 2020. ʻo ia hoʻi, e haʻo ke aupuni i kahi palena ākea i kāna pahuhopu, i ʻae ʻia i ke kānāwai i ka makahiki i hala me ke kākoʻo o nā ʻaoʻao politika āpau, e hōʻemi i ka ilihune keiki loa ma lalo o ʻelima pākēneka i ka hopena o ke anahulu.
ʻO ka loiloi hou loa o ka Quarterly Economic Survey mai nā British Chambers of Commerce e ʻōlelo nei aia he ʻōlelo hoʻoweliweli maoli i ka hoʻokuʻu pālua ʻana. Ma hope o ke ana ʻana ma luna o nā ʻoihana 6,000, ke koi nei ʻaʻole nele ka hilinaʻi o nā ʻoihana a hopohopo e pili ana i nā pilikia ma ka zona.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo David Kern, ʻo BCC Chief Economist:
Kuhi nā hopena Q3 QES i ka hōʻino ʻana i ke kūlana hoʻokele waiwai, me nā hōʻailona o ka stagnation i ka hoʻokele waiwai home. ʻO ke kaulike Q3 hilahila no ka lawe aku i waho, a no ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i nā mea kanu a me nā mīkini, e hōʻike ana ʻaʻole i hoʻomaka ʻia ke kaulike hou ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai UK. Hōʻike nā kaulike kālā maikaʻi ʻole e kū nei nā ʻoihana i nā pilikia kālā maoli.
Ua neʻe aku ke kaulike hoʻonohonoho home e nānā ana i mua i kahi ʻāina maikaʻi ʻole, no ka hana ʻana a me nā lawelawe ʻelua, e kuhikuhi ana i nā pōʻino o ke emi ʻana o ka ʻāina. ʻOiai hiki ke hōʻalo i ke kūleʻa ʻana, ma ke kumu o kēia mau hopena hopena e hoʻoponopono hou ʻia ana nā wanana ulu i ka wā o Kepakemapa no ka makahiki 2011 a me 2012.
Hāʻawi ʻia i ke kūlana ʻino o ka honua a me nā pilikia nui e kū nei i ka Eurozone, aia kahi pono maopopo no ka MPC a me ke aupuni e hana i nā mea āpau e pale ai i nā pilikia o ke emi ʻana. Hoʻokipa ʻia ka piʻi hou ʻana o ka papahana QE i ka £ 275 biliona, akā pono ʻia nā ana kolohe hou aku. Pono e kau nui ʻia kēia mau mea i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā hōʻaiʻē SME securitized a me nā waiwai ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. Ma kāna ʻaoʻao, pono ke aupuni e hoʻoponopono hou i kāna hoʻolālā hoʻolālā e hāpai i ka ulu a me ka waiwai.
Ua kū ka manaʻo i nā mea ʻekekema he nui a me nā mea haʻi ʻōlelo mākeke ʻo nā hanana i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia o ka malaise hoʻokele waiwai i hōʻike ʻia ma luna ʻo ia wale nō ke kālā maʻamau o ka ebb kūlohelohe a me ke kahe o nā manawa recessionary. ʻO kahi laʻana, ua loaʻa i ka UK he ʻewalu mau recession mai ke kaua honua 2 i hoʻopau ʻia, eia naʻe, ʻokoʻa ka manaʻo o kēia manawa. ʻAʻohe o nā recession i nīnau mua i nā economists i ka hiki i ke ʻōnaehana kapitalist ke ola ma hope o ka hoʻopakele ʻia me nā hoʻopakele he nui trillion kālā.
Hāʻawi ʻia ka 70 kumu kūleʻa i ka pilikia o ka aila1973. Ua lawe he 14 mau hapaha no ka GDP e hoʻi hou ai i kēlā i ka hoʻomaka o ke kūleʻa ma hope o ka 'ʻālua pālua'. ʻO ka 80 mau mua i emi iho, i pili i nā kulekele aupuni monetarist e hōʻemi ai i ka hoʻonui kālā, lawe he 13 ʻāpana no ka GDP e hoʻi hou ai, akā he 18 hapaha piha no GDP e hoʻi hou ai kahi i ka hoʻomaka o ka recession. Hāʻawi ʻia ka 90's recession i ka US mālama kālā a me ka pilikia hōʻaiʻē ʻike i ka hōʻemi kālā o nā ʻoihana 25%. Piʻi ka hana ʻole e 55% mai ka 6.9% o ka heluna hana i ka makahiki 1990 a i ka 10.7% i ka makahiki 1993 a lawe he 13 mau hapaha no ka GDP e hoʻi hou ai i kēlā i ka hoʻomaka o ka recession.
E hōʻike ana nā moʻolelo i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka Great Recession mai ka 2008-2009. Eia nō naʻe i kahi wili pīhoihoi ke kumu i kumu ʻia i ka hāʻule kālā o 2007-2010. ʻO ka hōʻemi kiʻekiʻe o ka GDP, kau ʻia ma 7.1%, 'ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi' e ka 8% ʻike ma hope o ke kaua honua 1. Hiki i nā puke moʻolelo ke kākau hou i nā memo ma ka Great Recession, e kuhikuhi ana ua hoʻomaka ʻia ia mai 2008 a mau a hiki i ʻEulopa a me nā aupuni ʻo USA. i ka hopena a i loko o kahi kulekele kūʻē i ʻae e holoi i ka ʻōnaehana me ke kapikala i hōʻea i 'Main Street'. ʻO ka injection trillion trillion catapulted uku a kōkua i ke kākau ʻana i ka pili a me ka hoʻonui kālā i hōʻaiʻē ʻia o "Joe maʻamau". ʻOiai nā panakō nui a me nā ʻoihana hoʻopukapuka i lawe i kahi palapala nui i kā lākou hōʻaiʻē, nā hoʻopaʻa a me nā waiwai o circa 60% ka hana hou ʻana i kahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe holoʻokoʻa ma o ka ʻōnaehana kālā honua e ʻae ana i kahi hoʻonohonoho hou a kauoha e hana hou.
Aia mākou i ke kālā, aia mākou i ke kālā;
Nui mākou i nā mea e pono ai e launa pū!
Aia mākou i ke kālā, ʻā lā kēlā lani,
Old Man Depression ma loko ou, hana hewa ʻoe iā mākou.
ʻAʻole mākou ʻike i kahi poʻo e pili ana i nā palena berena i kēia lā.
A ke ʻike mākou i ka konohiki hiki iā mākou ke nānā pono i kēlā kanaka i ka maka.
Aia mākou i ke kālā, e hele mai, e kuʻu ipo,
E hōʻaiʻē kākou, hoʻolilo, hoʻouna e kaʻa kaʻa!
ʻ,, ʻae aia mākou i ke kālā, pili ʻoe aia mākou i ke kālā,
Nui mākou i nā mea e pono ai e launa pū!
E hele kāua i ke kālā, nānā i ka lani ua lā,
Old Man Depression ma loko ou, hana hewa ʻoe iā mākou.
ʻAʻole mākou ʻike i kahi poʻo e pili ana i nā palena berena i kēia lā.
A ke ʻike mākou i ka konohiki hiki iā mākou ke nānā pono i kēlā kanaka i ka maka
Aia mākou i ke kālā, e hele mai, e kuʻu ipo,
E hoʻolilo, hōʻaiʻē, hoʻouna aku e kaʻa kaʻa!
"Aia mākou i ke kālā," nā mele na Al Dubin, mele na Harry Warren (mai ka kiʻi ʻoniʻoni Gold Diggers. 1933)
« He aha ka lā a Columbus Day a me ka Napoleon Complex? Hoʻopili i kahi manawa »
