Ama-Feds abambe izilinganiso zenzalo eduze kukaziro kodwa abonisa amanani aphezulu
I-Federal Reserve igcine amanani enzalo ecishe ibe ngu-zero ngoLwesithathu, Januwari 26, kodwa yagcina inhloso yayo yokulahla izinqubomgomo zemali ezishibhile zenkathi yobhubhane lapho ibhekene nokunyuka kwamanani okubalulekile.
Ngakho, yini esingayibona ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?
Isithangami sabezindaba sikaPowell
USihlalo weFederal Reserve uJerome Powell uphakamise engqungqutheleni yakhe yezindaba yangemva komhlangano ngoJanuwari 26, 2022, ukuthi i-Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) izonamathela ohlelweni lokuthenga ibhondi oluchazwe ngoDisemba 2021.
I-Fed yamemezela ngoDisemba 2021 ukuthi izoyeka ukwengeza eshidini layo lebhalansi ngoMashi 2022, inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-tapering.
Kodwa-ke, ukukhuphuka kwentengo kusukela ngonyaka odlule kunesisindo ku-FOMC, esiza emcabangweni wokuthi amanani enzalo aphezulu azodingeka ukuze kugwenywe ukwehla kwamandla emali okubalekayo.
Izinga lenzalo ephakeme lingase linciphise ukukhuphuka kwamandla emali ngokwandisa izindleko zokuboleka kanye nokunciphisa isidingo, ikakhulukazi sezimpahla.
Kuzo zombili iziphetho
I-Fed ineziqondiso ezimbili: ukuzinza kwentengo kanye nokuqashwa okuphezulu. Ngokwezintengo ezizinzile, i-FOMC yavuma ukuthi ukwehla kwamandla emali kuhlala kuphezulu.
Ngokusho kwe-Consumer Price Index, amanani entengo e-United States akhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-7.0 phakathi kukaDisemba 2020 noDisemba 2021, izinga eliphakeme kakhulu lonyaka nonyaka lokukhuphuka kwamandla emali kusukela ngoJuni 1982.
Izikhulu ze-Fed zixwayise ngokuthi ukufundwa kwe-inflation ephezulu kungase kuhlale kwikota yokuqala yalo nyaka, kuphakamisa ingcindezi yokuqinisa inqubomgomo.
Naphezu kwezinsolo zokuthi iphuzile ukwenza okuthile, i-Fed yenza ngokushesha okukhulu kunalokho okwakubikezelwe, ngenxa yokungakwazi ukwehla kwamandla emali ukufiphala njengoba bekulindelekile phakathi kwesidingo esiqinile, amaketanga okuhlinzekwa okuvalekile, kanye nokuqinisa izimakethe zezabasebenzi.
Isigaba sesibili sikaPowell
Lo mhlangano ungowokugcina esikhundleni sikaPowell njengosihlalo weFed, ophelelwa yisikhathi ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari. UMongameli uJoe Biden usemqoke eminye iminyaka emine njengePhini likaMongameli, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi agunyazwe yiSenethi ngokwesekwa yi-bipartisan.
Ngesonto eledlule, uBiden wancoma izinhloso ze-Fed zokunciphisa umfutho wezimali futhi wathi kungumthwalo webhange elikhulu ukulawula ukwehla kwamandla emali, osekuphenduke udaba lwezepolitiki kumaDemocrats ngaphambi kokhetho lwamaphakathi noNovemba. Basengozini yokulahlekelwa iningi labo elincane kuCongress.
Ukusabela emakethe
Ngokungamangalisi, izimakethe zibone lokhu kuphawula njengophawu lokuthi inqubomgomo eqinile isendleleni, futhi sibone ukusabela okuvamile. Idola laseMelika kanye namazinga omgcinimafa wesikhathi esifushane akhuphuka e-lockstep, kanti isivuno seminyaka engu-2 sifinyelela kumaphesenti angu-1.12, izinga eliphezulu kakhulu kusukela ngoFebhuwari 2020.
Ngaleso sikhathi, izinkomba zase-US ziyaslayida ngosuku, zisula izinzuzo zangaphambilini kanye nezimali eziyingozi njengamadola ase-Australia naseNew Zealand.
Yini okufanele uyibheke ezinyangeni ezizayo?
I-Fed ayizange inyuse inzalo ngoLwesithathu ngoba izikhulu zikubeke kwacaca ukuthi zihlose ukuqeda ukuthengwa kwempahla yebhange elikhulu ngesikhathi sobhubhane kuqala.
I-FOMC ithe ngoLwesithathu izoqeda leyo nqubo ekuqaleni kukaMashi, okusho ukuthi ukunyuka kwezinga lokuqala kusukela ubhubhane lungenzeka phakathi kwamasonto ayisithupha. Uma sibheka phambili, i-FOMC yakhipha iphepha elichaza izimiso zokuthi inganqamula kanjani impahla yayo esikhathini esizayo, ithi ukuthutha okunjalo kuzoqala ngemva kokuba inqubo yokukhulisa uhla oluhlosiwe lwezinga lezimali zikahulumeni seliqalile.
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