I-Feds ibambe inzala kufutshane neqanda kodwa ibonise amazinga aphezulu
I-Federal Reserve igcine inzala ijikeleze i-zero ngolwesiThathu, nge-26 kaJanuwari, kodwa yagcina injongo yayo yokulahla imigaqo-nkqubo yemali ephantsi ngexesha lobhubhani xa kujongwe ukonyuka kwamaxabiso.
Ngoko, yintoni esinokuyibona ekuhambeni kwexesha?
Inkomfa yabezindaba kaPowell
USihlalo we-Federal Reserve uJerome Powell ucebise kwinkomfa yakhe yeendaba emva kwe-26 kaJanuwari 2022, ukuba iKomiti ye-Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) iya kubambelela kwinkqubo yokuthenga ibhondi echazwe ngoDisemba ka-2021.
I-Fed ibhengeze ngoDisemba 2021 ukuba iyakuyeka ukongeza kwiphepha layo lomncono ngoMatshi ka-2022, inkqubo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-tapering.
Nangona kunjalo, ukunyuka kwexabiso ukususela kulo nyaka uphelileyo kunobunzima kwi-FOMC, ezayo malunga nombono wokuba amazinga aphezulu enzala aya kufuneka ukuthintela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okubalekayo.
Amazinga aphezulu enzala anokunciphisa ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ngokunyusa iindleko zokuboleka kunye nokunciphisa imfuno, ngakumbi kwimpahla.
Kuzo zombini iziphelo
I-Fed inezigunyaziso ezimbini: ukuzinza kwexabiso kunye nokuqeshwa okuphezulu. Ngokubhekiselele kumaxabiso azinzileyo, i-FOMC yavuma ukuba ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuhlala kuphezulu.
NgokweSalathiso seXabiso loMthengi, amaxabiso e-United States anyuke nge-7.0 yeepesenti phakathi kukaDisemba ka-2020 noDisemba ka-2021, elona zinga liphezulu lokunyuka kwamaxabiso ezinto ukususela ngoJuni 1982.
Amagosa e-Fed alumkise ukuba ukunyuka kwamaxabiso aphezulu kunokuhlala kwikota yokuqala yalo nyaka, kuphakamisa uxinzelelo lokuqinisa umgaqo-nkqubo.
Ngaphandle kwezityholo zokuba iye yacotha ukwenza okuthile, i-Fed isebenza ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kunokuba bekuqikelelwe, ngenxa yokungakwazi kwexabiso lentengo ukucima njengoko kulindelekile phakathi kwemfuno eqinileyo, amakhonkco obonelelo avaliweyo, kunye nokuqiniswa kweemarike zabasebenzi.
Ixesha lesibini likaPowell
Intlanganiso yeyokugqibela kwisikhundla sikaPowell njengosihlalo weFed, ophela ekuqaleni kukaFebruwari. Umongameli uJoe Biden umtyumbe eminye iminyaka emine njengoSekela Mongameli, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba amkelwe yiSenethi ngenkxaso ye-bipartisan.
Kwiveki ephelileyo, uBiden wancoma iinjongo ze-Fed zokunciphisa ukuvuselela imali kwaye wathi ibhanki ephakathi inoxanduva lokulawula ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, okuye kwaba ngumcimbi wezopolitiko kwiDemokhrasi ngaphambi konyulo lwaphakathi kukaNovemba. Basengozini yokuphulukana nesininzi sabo esincinci kwiCongress.
Ukuphendula kwintengiso
Ngokungamangalisiyo, iimarike zibone la mazwi njengophawu lokuba umgaqo-nkqubo ongqongqo usendleleni, kwaye siye sabona ukusabela okuqhelekileyo. Idola yaseMelika kunye nenqanaba lexeshana likanondyebo liyenyuka kwindawo evaliweyo, isivuno seminyaka emi-2 sifikelela kwi-1.12 yeepesenti, inqanaba eliphezulu ukusukela ngoFebruwari 2020.
Ngeli xesha, izalathisi zase-US ziyatyibilika ngemini, zicima iinzuzo zangaphambili kunye neemali ezinobungozi ezifana needola zase-Australia kunye neNew Zealand.
Yintoni onokuyijonga kwiinyanga ezizayo?
I-Fed ayikhange inyuse inzala ngolwesiThathu kuba amagosa ayibeke yacaca into yokuba ajonge ukugqiba ukuthengwa kwe-asethi yebhanki engundoqo kuqala.
I-FOMC ithe ngoLwesithathu ukuba iya kugqiba loo nkqubo ekuqaleni kuka-Matshi, oku kuthetha ukuba ukunyuka kwezinga lokuqala ukususela ekubeni ubhubhane lungenzeka kwiiveki ezintandathu. Ukujonga phambili, i-FOMC ikhuphe iphepha elichaza imigaqo-siseko yendlela enokuthi isebenze ngokusebenzayo ukunqumla i-asethi yayo kwixesha elizayo, ichaza ukuba inyathelo elinjalo liya kuqala emva kokuba inkqubo yokunyusa uluhlu olujoliswe kuyo kwireyithi yemali ye-federal iqalile.
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