Feb 20 • Ndemanga za Msika • 4400 Views • Comments Off pa Dziko Laku Iceland Loti Zimawonongeka Kuzizira Kodi Tingaphunzire Chiyani Ndi Omwe Adzapanga Malamulo ku Europe?
Njira yaku Iceland yothana ndi kusungunuka inali kuyika zosowa za anthu ake patsogolo pamisika paliponse.
Ayi si typo ndikuyesera kulimbikitsa yankho limodzi logwira ntchito lomwe mabanki azachuma akuchita mantha, kukhululukirana ngongole. Mu bizinesi ina iliyonse mukasokoneza, mumalephera, mumataya. Ngati obwereketsa adapopera sitima yawo yodzaza ndi zowonjezera, kuti ayambitse mayendedwe awo, ndiye kuti vuto limakhala pamapazi awo osati pawokha. Kuphatikizidwa kwa magulu onse a ngongole ndi ngongole ku Iceland sikunachititse kuti mabanki awo agwe, ndikukula kwakukulu kwa zotumphukira ndi zotetezera zomwe zidapangitsa kuti dongosololi lisokoneze masewera omwe Joe pagulu, makamaka ku Iceland, analibe khungu ..
Kuyambira pachiyambi cha ngoziyi komanso munthawi yamavuto osiyanasiyana omwe adachitika kuyambira 2008-2009 ambiri ofotokoza zachuma adati kupulumutsa 'msewu waukulu' kutsogolo kwa Wall Street ndiye njira yokhayo yodalirika yothetsera vuto lina lililonse ndikupanga ngongole zomwe sizingasungunuke. Ndipo tili pano, patatha zaka zitatu kapena zinayi ndipo ngakhale tidapulumutsidwa, kutulutsidwa, magulu osiyanasiyana a QE ndi TARP (ku USA), thanzi lavuto lakubanki yakumadzulo silinasinthe ndipo mwina lakula kwambiri kwakanthawi Yankho la term silikuwoneka pafupi.
USA idzafotokoza kuchepa kwa ulova, kukwera kwa GDP, kutumizira kunja chimodzimodzi, koma zikuwononga ngongole zazikulu zaboma. USA idalipira ngongole 100% poyerekeza ndi GDP yapadziko lonse ndipo njala ya ngongole ndiyolimba kwambiri kuposa kale lonse, pazowonera zaposachedwa ikukula pamlingo wowopsa wa pafupifupi $ 2.4 trilioni pachaka. Ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti madola awiri aliwonse okula ku USA amakwanitsa 'kugulidwa' ndi madola eyiti ngongole. Chiyambireni pomwe Obama adayamba kugwira ntchito mu 2008 ngongole yadziko yakula ndi kuthirira m'maso 50%, m'masamu osasunthika kuyambira circa ten trilioni mpaka fifitini fifitini yokhala ndi malo oti iphulike mpaka 16.5 mkati mwa miyezi inayi-sikisi ikubwerayi. Koma chomwe chikudetsa nkhaŵa kwambiri ndichakuti, USA yatentha msanga bwanji kudzera mu ma trilioni awiri aposachedwa kuti makina awo azingoyenda pang'ono, ndikupitilirabe patsogolo ma echelons apamwamba amtundu wawo wosweka.
Nanga bwanji Iceland idachira mwachangu komanso moyenera, m'mawu osavuta ndi chiyani chomwe adachita kuti mayiko ena aziberekanso? Zosavuta, 'zosowa' ndi mwayi wamabanki ndi atsogoleri andale zidasankhidwa kukhala zofunika zachiwiri. Iceland idakhazikitsanso nthawi yolipirira ngongole ndikuyika anthu awo patsogolo, ngakhale mpaka kufika poyang'ana zomwe sizingaganizidwe: kudzudzula akuluakulu ena amabanki omwe, poganiza kuti boma la Iceland lidayimba mlandu.
Iceland, Kupitilira Kwachidule Pazachuma Kuyambira 2008
Kuyambira kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2008, mabanki aku Iceland akhululuka ngongole zofananira ndi 13% ya zinthu zonse zapakhomo, ndikuchepetsa ngongole za anthu opitilira kotala la anthu, malinga ndi lipoti lofalitsidwa mwezi uno ndi Icelandic Financial Services Association.
Njira yaku Iceland yodziwukitsira kuyambira 2008, pomwe mabanki ake adalephera $ 85 biliyoni, zikuwoneka bwino. Chuma cha ku Iceland chaka chino chidzaposa dera la yuro komanso mayiko otukuka pafupifupi, bungwe la Economic Cooperation and Development lalingalira. Zimawononga ndalama zomwezo kuti athandizire motsutsana ndi kusakhulupirika kwa ku Iceland monga momwe zimakhalira kuti musayang'ane ngongole ku Belgium. Kafukufuku ambiri akuwonetsa kuti anthu aku Iceland sakufuna kulowa nawo European Union, komwe mavuto azangongole ali mchaka chachitatu.
Mabanja pachilumbachi adathandizidwa ndi mgwirizano pakati pa boma ndi mabanki, (omwe gawo lawo likuwongoleredwa ndi boma), kuti akhululukire ngongole zopitilira 110 peresenti yamitengo yakunyumba. Chigamulo cha Khothi Lalikulu mu Juni 2010 chidatsitsa ndikuweruza kuti ngongole zolozera ndalama zakunja ndizosaloledwa, mabanja safunikiranso kubweza, mwachitsanzo, zotayika za krona kapena yuro. Popanda mpumulo, eni nyumba akadasweka pansi polemera ngongole, kuchuluka kwa ngongole ndi ndalama kudafika pafupifupi 240% mu 2008.
Chuma cha ku Iceland $ 13 biliyoni chinagwedezeka 6.7% mu 2009, idakula 2.9% chaka chatha ndipo ichulukitsa 2.4% chaka chino ndi 2013, OECD ikuyerekeza ku Paris. Dera la yuro lidzakula ndi 0.2% chaka chino ndipo dera la OECD lidzawonjezera 1.6%, malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwa Novembala. Nyumba, zomwe zimayesedwa ngati gawo laling'ono pamndandanda wamitengo ya ogula, tsopano ndi 3% yokha pamtengo mu September 2008, kutatsala pang'ono kugwa.
Anthu aku Iceland adayamba kuyenda m'misewu itasokonekera pachuma mu 2008. Ziwonetsero zidakulirakulira koyambirira kwa chaka cha 2009, apolisi adagwiritsa ntchito misozi kubalalitsa anthu akuponya miyala kunyumba yamalamulo komanso maofesi a Prime Minister wakale a Geir Haarde. Nyumba yamalamulo idaganizirabe ngati ipitirire patsogolo ndi mlandu womwe udamupeza mu Seputembara 2009 chifukwa chazomwe adachita pamavutowa.
Mgwirizano watsopano, wotsogozedwa ndi Prime Minister wa Social Democrat a Johanna Sigurdardottir, adavoteredwa kale kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2009. Akuluakulu tsopano akufufuza ambiri mwa omwe akuteteza mabanki. Wosuma milandu wapadera ku Iceland wanena kuti zitha kuzenga mlandu anthu pafupifupi 90, pomwe opitilira 200, kuphatikiza oyang'anira mabanki atatu akulu, akuimbidwa mlandu.
A Larus Welding, wamkulu wakale wa Glitnir Bank hf, yemwe anali wamkulu wachiwiri ku Iceland, adamuimba mlandu mu Disembala chifukwa chobwereketsa ngongole zosavomerezeka ndipo tsopano akuyembekezera kuweruzidwa. Mtsogoleri wakale wa Landsbanki Islands hf, a Sigurjon Arnason, apitilizabe kutsekeredwa m'ndende pomwe kafukufuku wawo akupitilizabe.
Poyerekeza ndi US palibe akuluakulu aku banki omwe adazunzidwapo chifukwa chazomwe adachita pakubweza ngongole ya subprime. Securities and Exchange Commission idati chaka chatha idavomereza oyang'anira 39 pamakhalidwe okhudzana ndi kusokonekera kwa msika wanyumba.
Pali zodabwitsa kuti dziko la Iceland likuda nkhawa chifukwa tsopano lachokera m'nyengo yachisanu yaying'ono kwambiri yazachuma, Fitch Ratings sabata yatha idakweza Iceland kukhala ndi chiyembekezo, osasunthika, nati chilumbachi chinali
Mayankho osavomerezeka pamavuto achita bwino
fitchdziko la Iceland
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Monga Iceland's Economic Winter Thaws Kodi Tikuphunzirapo Chiyani ndi Opanga Malamulo aku Europe?
Feb 20 • Ndemanga za Msika • 4400 Views • Comments Off pa Dziko Laku Iceland Loti Zimawonongeka Kuzizira Kodi Tingaphunzire Chiyani Ndi Omwe Adzapanga Malamulo ku Europe?
Njira yaku Iceland yothana ndi kusungunuka inali kuyika zosowa za anthu ake patsogolo pamisika paliponse.
Ayi si typo ndikuyesera kulimbikitsa yankho limodzi logwira ntchito lomwe mabanki azachuma akuchita mantha, kukhululukirana ngongole. Mu bizinesi ina iliyonse mukasokoneza, mumalephera, mumataya. Ngati obwereketsa adapopera sitima yawo yodzaza ndi zowonjezera, kuti ayambitse mayendedwe awo, ndiye kuti vuto limakhala pamapazi awo osati pawokha. Kuphatikizidwa kwa magulu onse a ngongole ndi ngongole ku Iceland sikunachititse kuti mabanki awo agwe, ndikukula kwakukulu kwa zotumphukira ndi zotetezera zomwe zidapangitsa kuti dongosololi lisokoneze masewera omwe Joe pagulu, makamaka ku Iceland, analibe khungu ..
Kuyambira pachiyambi cha ngoziyi komanso munthawi yamavuto osiyanasiyana omwe adachitika kuyambira 2008-2009 ambiri ofotokoza zachuma adati kupulumutsa 'msewu waukulu' kutsogolo kwa Wall Street ndiye njira yokhayo yodalirika yothetsera vuto lina lililonse ndikupanga ngongole zomwe sizingasungunuke. Ndipo tili pano, patatha zaka zitatu kapena zinayi ndipo ngakhale tidapulumutsidwa, kutulutsidwa, magulu osiyanasiyana a QE ndi TARP (ku USA), thanzi lavuto lakubanki yakumadzulo silinasinthe ndipo mwina lakula kwambiri kwakanthawi Yankho la term silikuwoneka pafupi.
USA idzafotokoza kuchepa kwa ulova, kukwera kwa GDP, kutumizira kunja chimodzimodzi, koma zikuwononga ngongole zazikulu zaboma. USA idalipira ngongole 100% poyerekeza ndi GDP yapadziko lonse ndipo njala ya ngongole ndiyolimba kwambiri kuposa kale lonse, pazowonera zaposachedwa ikukula pamlingo wowopsa wa pafupifupi $ 2.4 trilioni pachaka. Ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti madola awiri aliwonse okula ku USA amakwanitsa 'kugulidwa' ndi madola eyiti ngongole. Chiyambireni pomwe Obama adayamba kugwira ntchito mu 2008 ngongole yadziko yakula ndi kuthirira m'maso 50%, m'masamu osasunthika kuyambira circa ten trilioni mpaka fifitini fifitini yokhala ndi malo oti iphulike mpaka 16.5 mkati mwa miyezi inayi-sikisi ikubwerayi. Koma chomwe chikudetsa nkhaŵa kwambiri ndichakuti, USA yatentha msanga bwanji kudzera mu ma trilioni awiri aposachedwa kuti makina awo azingoyenda pang'ono, ndikupitilirabe patsogolo ma echelons apamwamba amtundu wawo wosweka.
Nanga bwanji Iceland idachira mwachangu komanso moyenera, m'mawu osavuta ndi chiyani chomwe adachita kuti mayiko ena aziberekanso? Zosavuta, 'zosowa' ndi mwayi wamabanki ndi atsogoleri andale zidasankhidwa kukhala zofunika zachiwiri. Iceland idakhazikitsanso nthawi yolipirira ngongole ndikuyika anthu awo patsogolo, ngakhale mpaka kufika poyang'ana zomwe sizingaganizidwe: kudzudzula akuluakulu ena amabanki omwe, poganiza kuti boma la Iceland lidayimba mlandu.
Iceland, Kupitilira Kwachidule Pazachuma Kuyambira 2008
Kuyambira kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2008, mabanki aku Iceland akhululuka ngongole zofananira ndi 13% ya zinthu zonse zapakhomo, ndikuchepetsa ngongole za anthu opitilira kotala la anthu, malinga ndi lipoti lofalitsidwa mwezi uno ndi Icelandic Financial Services Association.
Njira yaku Iceland yodziwukitsira kuyambira 2008, pomwe mabanki ake adalephera $ 85 biliyoni, zikuwoneka bwino. Chuma cha ku Iceland chaka chino chidzaposa dera la yuro komanso mayiko otukuka pafupifupi, bungwe la Economic Cooperation and Development lalingalira. Zimawononga ndalama zomwezo kuti athandizire motsutsana ndi kusakhulupirika kwa ku Iceland monga momwe zimakhalira kuti musayang'ane ngongole ku Belgium. Kafukufuku ambiri akuwonetsa kuti anthu aku Iceland sakufuna kulowa nawo European Union, komwe mavuto azangongole ali mchaka chachitatu.
Mabanja pachilumbachi adathandizidwa ndi mgwirizano pakati pa boma ndi mabanki, (omwe gawo lawo likuwongoleredwa ndi boma), kuti akhululukire ngongole zopitilira 110 peresenti yamitengo yakunyumba. Chigamulo cha Khothi Lalikulu mu Juni 2010 chidatsitsa ndikuweruza kuti ngongole zolozera ndalama zakunja ndizosaloledwa, mabanja safunikiranso kubweza, mwachitsanzo, zotayika za krona kapena yuro. Popanda mpumulo, eni nyumba akadasweka pansi polemera ngongole, kuchuluka kwa ngongole ndi ndalama kudafika pafupifupi 240% mu 2008.
Chuma cha ku Iceland $ 13 biliyoni chinagwedezeka 6.7% mu 2009, idakula 2.9% chaka chatha ndipo ichulukitsa 2.4% chaka chino ndi 2013, OECD ikuyerekeza ku Paris. Dera la yuro lidzakula ndi 0.2% chaka chino ndipo dera la OECD lidzawonjezera 1.6%, malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwa Novembala. Nyumba, zomwe zimayesedwa ngati gawo laling'ono pamndandanda wamitengo ya ogula, tsopano ndi 3% yokha pamtengo mu September 2008, kutatsala pang'ono kugwa.
Anthu aku Iceland adayamba kuyenda m'misewu itasokonekera pachuma mu 2008. Ziwonetsero zidakulirakulira koyambirira kwa chaka cha 2009, apolisi adagwiritsa ntchito misozi kubalalitsa anthu akuponya miyala kunyumba yamalamulo komanso maofesi a Prime Minister wakale a Geir Haarde. Nyumba yamalamulo idaganizirabe ngati ipitirire patsogolo ndi mlandu womwe udamupeza mu Seputembara 2009 chifukwa chazomwe adachita pamavutowa.
Mgwirizano watsopano, wotsogozedwa ndi Prime Minister wa Social Democrat a Johanna Sigurdardottir, adavoteredwa kale kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2009. Akuluakulu tsopano akufufuza ambiri mwa omwe akuteteza mabanki. Wosuma milandu wapadera ku Iceland wanena kuti zitha kuzenga mlandu anthu pafupifupi 90, pomwe opitilira 200, kuphatikiza oyang'anira mabanki atatu akulu, akuimbidwa mlandu.
A Larus Welding, wamkulu wakale wa Glitnir Bank hf, yemwe anali wamkulu wachiwiri ku Iceland, adamuimba mlandu mu Disembala chifukwa chobwereketsa ngongole zosavomerezeka ndipo tsopano akuyembekezera kuweruzidwa. Mtsogoleri wakale wa Landsbanki Islands hf, a Sigurjon Arnason, apitilizabe kutsekeredwa m'ndende pomwe kafukufuku wawo akupitilizabe.
Poyerekeza ndi US palibe akuluakulu aku banki omwe adazunzidwapo chifukwa chazomwe adachita pakubweza ngongole ya subprime. Securities and Exchange Commission idati chaka chatha idavomereza oyang'anira 39 pamakhalidwe okhudzana ndi kusokonekera kwa msika wanyumba.
Pali zodabwitsa kuti dziko la Iceland likuda nkhawa chifukwa tsopano lachokera m'nyengo yachisanu yaying'ono kwambiri yazachuma, Fitch Ratings sabata yatha idakweza Iceland kukhala ndi chiyembekezo, osasunthika, nati chilumbachi chinali
Mayankho osavomerezeka pamavuto achita bwino
fitchdziko la Iceland
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