Septhemba 14 • Amazwana eMakethe • Ukubukwa okungu-6470 • Amazwana Off ku Uma i-European Monetary Union iwa yini okwenzekayo ngokulandelayo?
Phakathi kwezimpawu zobuntu eziningi zethu ezithola kungathandeki ukuthanda ukuthi "ngikutshele kanjalo" kumele kube sezingeni eliphezulu. Ukulalela, noma ukufunda ukuphawula okuvela kubaphikisi besikhathi eside be-European Union, manje asebedonsa imizuzu yabo eyishumi nanhlanu yodumo oluvuselelwe njengoba i-Economic and Monetary Union ye-European Union iba ngaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu kungaba nzima, iwashi elimisiwe lilungile kabili usuku…
Sisesigabeni sokuqala kuphela sokubekezelela amabutho osopolitiki asebethathe umhlalaphansi, (ababephikisana nokuhlanganiswa nganoma iyiphi indlela) bethengisa ama-ajenda abo (futhi ngokungangabazeki izincwadi) kunoma ngubani ozolalela noma aphrinte. Kodwa-ke, uma kubhekwa i-EMU kuyiqiniso kunephutha elikhulu empikiswaneni yabo, umbuzo okungekho noyedwa ongawuphendula, basheshe bawugweme lowo mbuzo besebenzisa 'amasu' akhathele okungenzeka ukuthi abasebenzele kahle esikhathini esedlule; “Yini izindleko zoshintsho, 'kungabiza malini' ukubhidliza inyunyana. Hhayi ngokwesimo esingaphatheki senhlalo, noma isiphithiphithi, noma iqiniso lokuthi izifundazwe ezithile ezikhulayo zaseYurophu zizosala zingenantambo, kepha ngamakhilogremu abanda kakhulu, ama-schilling namapeni amadala (noma amaDrakma), kungabiza malini? Ama-euro ayizigidigidi, ama-trillion amabili, uma izindleko zokuphuma zingenakulinganiswa futhi zingenakunqotshwa ngabe kwakuyinzuzo futhi kubani? ”
Lapho kubuzwa lo mbuzo ukuthula kuthulisa izindlebe. Izindleko zokwehlukaniswa azinakulinganiswa, kufana nokwakha isakhiwo esinezakhiwo ezinkulu kakhulu izisekelo esezikhona, zakhiwa futhi zakhokhelwa, kuqedwa iphrojekthi ukuze kuhlinzekwe abagqugquzeleke kabi kwezepolitiki kanti abambalwa abangazi lutho kungaba yinhlekelele yangempela .
Ngenkathi imithombo yezindaba ejwayelekile i-laser igxile eGrisi usizi lwazo zonke ezinye i-PIIGS selukhohliwe kalula. Ngokwe-International Monetary Fund, iBhange Lomhlaba kanye ne-CIA World Factbook, e-Italy (ngo-2010) kwakungumnotho wesishiyagalombili ngobukhulu emhlabeni kanye nowesine ngobukhulu eYurophu ngokwe-GDP yokuqokwa kanye nomnotho weshumi ngobukhulu ku umhlaba nowesihlanu ngobukhulu eYurophu maqondana nokuthenga amandla we-GDP. I-Italy iyilungu leqembu le-Eight (G8) lezimboni, i-European Union ne-OECD. I-Italy inomnotho ohlukahlukene wezimboni onomkhiqizo ophelele wasekhaya (i-GDP) womuntu ngamunye nengqalasizinda ethuthukile. Unalokhu engqondweni kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi izwe, ngabantu, kube yizintshisekelo zebhizinisi ezakha umugqa ohlelekile wokuphuma kwi-Euro? Ngabe iJalimane, noma iFrance ngempela?
Ukuqhathanisa nokuqhathanisa i-Italy neGrisi kwenza kufundwe okuthakazelisayo; IGrisi ingumnotho wama-27 ngobukhulu emhlabeni ngomkhiqizo ophelele wasekhaya (i-GDP) kanye ne-34th ngobukhulu ekuthengeni amandla kagesi (PPP), ngokusho kwedatha yiBhange Lomhlaba ngonyaka ka-2009. I-GDP yaseGrisi, ecishe ibe ngama- $ 300 billion, imele cishe u-0.5% womkhiqizo womhlaba. Isikweletu salo somphakathi esiyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama- $ 470 likhulu kuphela uma kuqhathaniswa nosayizi wezomnotho waseGrisi, kepha ngaphansi kuka-1% wesikweletu somhlaba wonke nesingaphansi kwengxenye siphethwe ngamabhange azimele (ikakhulukazi amaGrikhi). IBarclays Capital ilinganisela ukuthi amabhange angaphandle ambalwa abalulekile emhlabeni jikelele abamba cishe amaphesenti ayishumi enhlokodolobha yawo yeTier 10 kwizibopho zikahulumeni waseGrisi, iningi liphethe okungaphansi kakhulu.
Uma ucabanga ngaleyo datha ungaxolelwa ngokuzibuza ukuthi kungani 'inkinga' yamaGrikhi ikhuliswa ngokuqinile kunikezwe umthelela omncane ohlobene nokuthi iphutha elilodwa lingaba nayo. Impendulo kungaba ukuthi ama-Eurosceptics abona ithuba elilodwa kanye neshumi leminyaka lokuzihlukanisa nokuzwana kwezepolitiki hhayi kwemali. Ukwesaba kwangempela kungaqhamuka kwabezombusazwe abahlukanisayo ukuthi uma iYurophu idlula kule nkinga, njenge-United States of Europe, izobe isingenakunqotshwa futhi umuntu ozihlukanisayo ekhala ngenqubekela phambili uzoba ngumoya.
Amabhange ase-Europe alahlekelwa yimadiphozithi njengabasindisi kanye nemali esetshenziswe yimali yesikweletu lapho ifuna iziphephelo, okungahle kube sibi kakhulu izimo zezomnotho nezezezimali. Amabhange aseGrisi ahlangabezane nokuhamba nge-circa engu-19% ezinyangeni eziyishumi nambili ezedlule kanti amabhange ase-Ireland abone indiza engama-40%. Kuyathakazelisa ukubona ukuthi amabhange ase-UK ukuchayeka esikweletini samaGrikhi kufinyelela ku-circa € 2.5bl kanti ukutholakala kwesikweletu sase-Ireland kungama- £ 200bl. I-Ireland "ingumngani wase-UK ozosizwa" ngokusho kosopolitiki base-UK, lokhu yize kuchayeka futhi kuba sengcupheni enkulu amabhange 'aphethwe' ngabakhokhi bentela base-UK. Kubukeka sengathi izinsolo zezepolitiki zase-UK 'ze-Europe' azidluli ziye kuLwandle lwase-Ireland.
Ekugcineni le ndaba yagcwaliseka, njengoba amabhange amabili amakhulu aseFrance ehliswa yiMoody's. AbakwaCredit Agricole SA kanye noSociete Generale SA bathole ukuthi izilinganiso zabo zesikweletu zesikhathi eside zisikwe ezingeni elilodwa ngabakwaMoody's baya ku-Aa2. Kungenzeka bangagcini lapho nge-BNP Paribas ngaphansi kokubhekisisa. Izindaba zithole ifomu lokuphendula elithulisiwe izimakethe ezinamasheya e-CA empeleni zikhuphuka zize zifike kuma-5% esigabeni esisodwa kulesi sikhathi sakusasa.
Izitoko zase-Europe zikhuphukile ekuhwebeni kwasekuseni ngenxa yokuqagela ukuthi iChina ingahlinzeka ukwesekwa kwalesi sifunda yize uNdunankulu uWen Jiabao ethi amazwe akumele athembele ekutakuleni imali. I-China esebenza njengebhange lokugcina eligcina eYurophu ngokungafani ne-IMF ingumqondo othakazelisayo. Inkomba ye-STOXX inyuke ngo-0.3%, i-DAX inyuke ngo-0.08%, i-CAC inyuke ngo-0.4%. i-MIB i-bourse yase-Italy kanye nenkomba yezinkampani zase-Italy ezinezimali ezinkulu kakhulu seziphezulu
.5%, le nkomba yehle ngo-34.44% unyaka nonyaka. I-ftse okwamanje iflethi, ikusasa le-SPX lansuku zonke liphakamisa ukuvulwa kwe-0.5% phansi. Igolide liphansi ngama- $ 5 i-ounce kanti iBrent ingcolile ngaphansi kwe- $ 252 emgqonyeni. Ekuhwebeni lase-Asia iNikkei ivale u-1.14%, i-CSI yavala u-0.47% kwathi i-Hang Seng nayo yavala u-0.08%.
Idola laseMelika belinamandla ekuhwebeni kwasekuseni ebusuku lenze inzuzo ebonakalayo uma liqhathaniswa nedola lase-Aussie kanye neLoonie (idola laseCanada). Ukuzuza kuqhathaniswa ne-franc yaseSwitzerland, i-euro kanye ne-sterling kube nesizotha. I-yen ne-franc benze inzuzo enesizotha uma kuqhathaniswa nezimali ezinkulu.
Ukukhishwa okubaluleke kakhulu e-USA kule ntambama kufaka amanani entengo ezitolo ezinkulu, ukuthengisa okuthuthukile kanye nohlu lwamabhizinisi.
Inkinga yezinyunyana zaseYurophuiziphakamiso zemakethe zangaphambiliukuphawula kwemakethe
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Uma i-European Monetary Union iwa yini okwenzekayo ngokulandelayo?
Septhemba 14 • Amazwana eMakethe • Ukubukwa okungu-6470 • Amazwana Off ku Uma i-European Monetary Union iwa yini okwenzekayo ngokulandelayo?
Phakathi kwezimpawu zobuntu eziningi zethu ezithola kungathandeki ukuthanda ukuthi "ngikutshele kanjalo" kumele kube sezingeni eliphezulu. Ukulalela, noma ukufunda ukuphawula okuvela kubaphikisi besikhathi eside be-European Union, manje asebedonsa imizuzu yabo eyishumi nanhlanu yodumo oluvuselelwe njengoba i-Economic and Monetary Union ye-European Union iba ngaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu kungaba nzima, iwashi elimisiwe lilungile kabili usuku…
Sisesigabeni sokuqala kuphela sokubekezelela amabutho osopolitiki asebethathe umhlalaphansi, (ababephikisana nokuhlanganiswa nganoma iyiphi indlela) bethengisa ama-ajenda abo (futhi ngokungangabazeki izincwadi) kunoma ngubani ozolalela noma aphrinte. Kodwa-ke, uma kubhekwa i-EMU kuyiqiniso kunephutha elikhulu empikiswaneni yabo, umbuzo okungekho noyedwa ongawuphendula, basheshe bawugweme lowo mbuzo besebenzisa 'amasu' akhathele okungenzeka ukuthi abasebenzele kahle esikhathini esedlule; “Yini izindleko zoshintsho, 'kungabiza malini' ukubhidliza inyunyana. Hhayi ngokwesimo esingaphatheki senhlalo, noma isiphithiphithi, noma iqiniso lokuthi izifundazwe ezithile ezikhulayo zaseYurophu zizosala zingenantambo, kepha ngamakhilogremu abanda kakhulu, ama-schilling namapeni amadala (noma amaDrakma), kungabiza malini? Ama-euro ayizigidigidi, ama-trillion amabili, uma izindleko zokuphuma zingenakulinganiswa futhi zingenakunqotshwa ngabe kwakuyinzuzo futhi kubani? ”
Lapho kubuzwa lo mbuzo ukuthula kuthulisa izindlebe. Izindleko zokwehlukaniswa azinakulinganiswa, kufana nokwakha isakhiwo esinezakhiwo ezinkulu kakhulu izisekelo esezikhona, zakhiwa futhi zakhokhelwa, kuqedwa iphrojekthi ukuze kuhlinzekwe abagqugquzeleke kabi kwezepolitiki kanti abambalwa abangazi lutho kungaba yinhlekelele yangempela .
Ngenkathi imithombo yezindaba ejwayelekile i-laser igxile eGrisi usizi lwazo zonke ezinye i-PIIGS selukhohliwe kalula. Ngokwe-International Monetary Fund, iBhange Lomhlaba kanye ne-CIA World Factbook, e-Italy (ngo-2010) kwakungumnotho wesishiyagalombili ngobukhulu emhlabeni kanye nowesine ngobukhulu eYurophu ngokwe-GDP yokuqokwa kanye nomnotho weshumi ngobukhulu ku umhlaba nowesihlanu ngobukhulu eYurophu maqondana nokuthenga amandla we-GDP. I-Italy iyilungu leqembu le-Eight (G8) lezimboni, i-European Union ne-OECD. I-Italy inomnotho ohlukahlukene wezimboni onomkhiqizo ophelele wasekhaya (i-GDP) womuntu ngamunye nengqalasizinda ethuthukile. Unalokhu engqondweni kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi izwe, ngabantu, kube yizintshisekelo zebhizinisi ezakha umugqa ohlelekile wokuphuma kwi-Euro? Ngabe iJalimane, noma iFrance ngempela?
Ukuqhathanisa nokuqhathanisa i-Italy neGrisi kwenza kufundwe okuthakazelisayo; IGrisi ingumnotho wama-27 ngobukhulu emhlabeni ngomkhiqizo ophelele wasekhaya (i-GDP) kanye ne-34th ngobukhulu ekuthengeni amandla kagesi (PPP), ngokusho kwedatha yiBhange Lomhlaba ngonyaka ka-2009. I-GDP yaseGrisi, ecishe ibe ngama- $ 300 billion, imele cishe u-0.5% womkhiqizo womhlaba. Isikweletu salo somphakathi esiyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama- $ 470 likhulu kuphela uma kuqhathaniswa nosayizi wezomnotho waseGrisi, kepha ngaphansi kuka-1% wesikweletu somhlaba wonke nesingaphansi kwengxenye siphethwe ngamabhange azimele (ikakhulukazi amaGrikhi). IBarclays Capital ilinganisela ukuthi amabhange angaphandle ambalwa abalulekile emhlabeni jikelele abamba cishe amaphesenti ayishumi enhlokodolobha yawo yeTier 10 kwizibopho zikahulumeni waseGrisi, iningi liphethe okungaphansi kakhulu.
Uma ucabanga ngaleyo datha ungaxolelwa ngokuzibuza ukuthi kungani 'inkinga' yamaGrikhi ikhuliswa ngokuqinile kunikezwe umthelela omncane ohlobene nokuthi iphutha elilodwa lingaba nayo. Impendulo kungaba ukuthi ama-Eurosceptics abona ithuba elilodwa kanye neshumi leminyaka lokuzihlukanisa nokuzwana kwezepolitiki hhayi kwemali. Ukwesaba kwangempela kungaqhamuka kwabezombusazwe abahlukanisayo ukuthi uma iYurophu idlula kule nkinga, njenge-United States of Europe, izobe isingenakunqotshwa futhi umuntu ozihlukanisayo ekhala ngenqubekela phambili uzoba ngumoya.
Amabhange ase-Europe alahlekelwa yimadiphozithi njengabasindisi kanye nemali esetshenziswe yimali yesikweletu lapho ifuna iziphephelo, okungahle kube sibi kakhulu izimo zezomnotho nezezezimali. Amabhange aseGrisi ahlangabezane nokuhamba nge-circa engu-19% ezinyangeni eziyishumi nambili ezedlule kanti amabhange ase-Ireland abone indiza engama-40%. Kuyathakazelisa ukubona ukuthi amabhange ase-UK ukuchayeka esikweletini samaGrikhi kufinyelela ku-circa € 2.5bl kanti ukutholakala kwesikweletu sase-Ireland kungama- £ 200bl. I-Ireland "ingumngani wase-UK ozosizwa" ngokusho kosopolitiki base-UK, lokhu yize kuchayeka futhi kuba sengcupheni enkulu amabhange 'aphethwe' ngabakhokhi bentela base-UK. Kubukeka sengathi izinsolo zezepolitiki zase-UK 'ze-Europe' azidluli ziye kuLwandle lwase-Ireland.
Ekugcineni le ndaba yagcwaliseka, njengoba amabhange amabili amakhulu aseFrance ehliswa yiMoody's. AbakwaCredit Agricole SA kanye noSociete Generale SA bathole ukuthi izilinganiso zabo zesikweletu zesikhathi eside zisikwe ezingeni elilodwa ngabakwaMoody's baya ku-Aa2. Kungenzeka bangagcini lapho nge-BNP Paribas ngaphansi kokubhekisisa. Izindaba zithole ifomu lokuphendula elithulisiwe izimakethe ezinamasheya e-CA empeleni zikhuphuka zize zifike kuma-5% esigabeni esisodwa kulesi sikhathi sakusasa.
Izitoko zase-Europe zikhuphukile ekuhwebeni kwasekuseni ngenxa yokuqagela ukuthi iChina ingahlinzeka ukwesekwa kwalesi sifunda yize uNdunankulu uWen Jiabao ethi amazwe akumele athembele ekutakuleni imali. I-China esebenza njengebhange lokugcina eligcina eYurophu ngokungafani ne-IMF ingumqondo othakazelisayo. Inkomba ye-STOXX inyuke ngo-0.3%, i-DAX inyuke ngo-0.08%, i-CAC inyuke ngo-0.4%. i-MIB i-bourse yase-Italy kanye nenkomba yezinkampani zase-Italy ezinezimali ezinkulu kakhulu seziphezulu
.5%, le nkomba yehle ngo-34.44% unyaka nonyaka. I-ftse okwamanje iflethi, ikusasa le-SPX lansuku zonke liphakamisa ukuvulwa kwe-0.5% phansi. Igolide liphansi ngama- $ 5 i-ounce kanti iBrent ingcolile ngaphansi kwe- $ 252 emgqonyeni. Ekuhwebeni lase-Asia iNikkei ivale u-1.14%, i-CSI yavala u-0.47% kwathi i-Hang Seng nayo yavala u-0.08%.
Idola laseMelika belinamandla ekuhwebeni kwasekuseni ebusuku lenze inzuzo ebonakalayo uma liqhathaniswa nedola lase-Aussie kanye neLoonie (idola laseCanada). Ukuzuza kuqhathaniswa ne-franc yaseSwitzerland, i-euro kanye ne-sterling kube nesizotha. I-yen ne-franc benze inzuzo enesizotha uma kuqhathaniswa nezimali ezinkulu.
Ukukhishwa okubaluleke kakhulu e-USA kule ntambama kufaka amanani entengo ezitolo ezinkulu, ukuthengisa okuthuthukile kanye nohlu lwamabhizinisi.
Inkinga yezinyunyana zaseYurophuiziphakamiso zemakethe zangaphambiliukuphawula kwemakethe
« Ukungaboni ngaso linye - Aka Forex Scalping Ukungasebenzi eMelika Kuholela Ekwandeni Kobumpofu »