Ama-Commentary e-Forex Market - Ukuvuselelwa Kwezomnotho e-Iceland

Ngabe Ukubuyiselwa Kwe-Iceland Kubenza Babe Ngumfana Wangempela Wokuphazamiseka Kwezezimali?

UJan 30 • Amazwana eMakethe • Ukubukwa okungu-10568 • 1 Comment on Ngabe Ukubuyiselwa Kwe-Iceland Kubenza Babe Ngumfana Wangempela Wokuphazamiseka Kwezezimali?

Ssshhh..whisper it but but that austerity “stuff” just doesn't working. Ubungeke uqagele kodwa manje kuphela, ngokwesibonelo iSpain ibuyela emuva 'ekukhuleni' okungekuhle kanti ama-51.5% abantu abasha bayo abasebenzi, yibona abahle nabahle be-IMF, i-EU, i-ECB neBhange Lomhlaba eliqala ukubuza 'ukuhlakanipha' kwe-austerity.

Kunjalo, impicabadala yezomnotho, yokuthi nezingane zesikole samabanga aphezulu ezifundela ezomnotho zingathola ukuthi ngeke zisebenze, azisebenzi. Sika izigidi zemisebenzi, unciphise ukusetshenziswa kwemali yomphakathi futhi abantu abakwazi ukusebenzisa noma ngeke bachithe (ngenxa yokwesaba okujulile kokungavikeleki kwezezimali) kanye neminotho ethwele imfundiso 'ye-austerical', enikezwa ngentshiseko enjalo yenkolo yibutho lezobuchwepheshe ama-apparatchiks, thola igiya elibuyela emuva. Ukwehla komnotho okujulile manje sekubuyele kwi-radar ye-Eurozone noma ngabe udaba 'oluncane' lwaseGrisi kuthiwa lungaxazululwa kuleli sonto.

Yebo, asikaze sikubone lokho kuza thina? Fafaza imfundiso yokukhula ephikisayo, njengokuphonsa umbulali wokhula otshanini obunempilo ngesikhathi sasehlobo, futhi umphumela ungaba ukusikwa. Okukhathaza kakhulu ukuthi abaphethe emabhange nakwezepolitiki “bakubonile kuza” babazi kahle ukuthi kuzokwenzekani kwezomnotho futhi babhekane nenhlalakahle yezakhamizi ze-PIIGS uma lezi zinyathelo zethulwa, kepha balandela lokho kwakuwukonga uhlelo, uhlelo lwabo, kungakhathalekile ukuthi inani iningi ekugcineni lizodingeka likhokhele izizukulwane ezizayo.

Ngaphandle kokuzisonga ngesandla okuqhubekayo kanye neziphrofetho zembubhiso ngabaholi bethu bezepolitiki emuva ngo-2008-2009 zazikhona ezinye izindlela zokulungisa uhlelo lwemali ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwezindlela ezazifunwa ohulumeni basentshonalanga. Masingakhohlwa ukuthi i-Asia isabhekisa ekuweni okungenzeka ngo-2008-2009 "njengenkinga yamabhange asentshonalanga". Futhi njengoba iningi lethu lalisezinhlungwini zokukhomba ngo-2008-2009 ukugwema ukwehla kwamandla omnotho okukhulu lapho-ke kungaba nemiphumela engalindelekile ngesimo sokucindezeleka okukhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ..

Ubufakazi bokunye futhi bekuyi-Iceland. Kube nezindaba ezimnyama ezimnyama maqondana nokuthi i-Iceland isimame kanjani futhi ngale ndlela ebabazekayo inikezwe isikhala esifushane sesihlobo esidlulile. Yize abenzi bezinqumo e-Iceland 'bengalunikanga ngokuphelele uhlelo lwebhange lomhlaba wonke, (bamukele ukutakulwa kwe-IMF ezigidini ngokungafani nezigidigidi) bathatha amagalelo futhi balulama. Amabhange abo futhi okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi abaninimasheya abazibeka engcupheni, baqothulwa.

I-Iceland ayiwakhiphanga amabhange abo futhi babhekene nokukhula okungu-3% (futhi azikho izinyathelo zokuqina), lokhu kuliphinda kayishumi izinga lamanje 'lokukhula' laseSpain. Manje njengoba i-Iceland yayinjalo, (njengoba sasikholwa ngaleso sikhathi) izwe lisenkingeni enkulu, ngokuqinisekile ukululama kwabo, ngesikhathi esifushane kangaka, kufakazela ukuthi ukutakula amabhange; Ukudlulisela isikweletu kubakhokhi bentela nokusibiza ngokuthi yisikweletu esikhulu nokubeka izinyathelo zokuqina, empeleni ukuzibulala kwezomnotho.

Impela kufanele uzinike isikhathi sokubheka usizi lwe-Iceland uma uqhathanisa nolweSpain, iGrisi, i-Ireland, i-Italy nePortugal..oh neFrance. Okulandelayo ngumlando omfushane wale nkinga kanye nemibono yezinkanyiso ezifana noJoseph Sitglitz ongayibuka ngezansi: "Izifundo ezivela enkingeni yezomnotho e-Iceland", "Inkinga nokubuyiselwa kwe-Iceland"

Inhlekelele Yase-Iceland

Inkinga yezezimali yase-Iceland ka-2008-2009 kwakuyinkinga enkulu eqhubekayo yezomnotho nezepolitiki e-Iceland eyayihilela ukuwa kwawo womathathu amabhange amakhulu ezentengiselwano akuleli kulandela ubunzima bawo ekuxhaseni kabusha izikweletu zawo zesikhashana kanye nokuqashwa kwamadiphozithi e-United Kingdom. Ngokuphathelene nosayizi womnotho wayo, ukuwa kwamabhange e-Iceland yikhona okukhulu kakhulu okwehlelwa yinoma yiliphi izwe emlandweni wezomnotho.

Inkinga yezezimali e-Iceland yaba nemiphumela emibi emnothweni wase-Iceland. Imali kazwelonke yehle kakhulu ngenani, ukuthengiselana kwemali yakwamanye amazwe kwamiswa cishe amasonto, kanti imali yemakethe ye-Icelandic stock exchange yehle ngaphezu kuka-90%. Ngenxa yenkinga, i-Iceland yaba nomnotho onzima kakhulu; Isamba somkhiqizo wesizwe wehle ngo-5.5% ngokwezimali zangempela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala zika-2009. Izindleko ezigcwele zale nkinga azikatholakali okwamanje, kodwa vele zilinganisela ukuthi zingaphezu kwama-75% eGDP yezwe yango-2007. Ngaphandle kwe-Iceland, abangaphezu kwesigamu sesigidi abafaka imali (ngaphezulu kakhulu kunabantu bonke base-Iceland) bathole ama-akhawunti abo asebhange efriziwe phakathi kwengxabano yenxusa lomshuwalense wokufaka imali. Ibhange laseJalimane iBayernLB labhekana nokulahlekelwa okufika ku- € 1.5 billion futhi kwadingeka lifune usizo kuhulumeni waseJalimane. Uhulumeni wase-Isle of Man ukhokhe uhhafu wezindawo zakhe ezigciniwe, ezilingana no-7.5% we-GDP yesiqhingi, emshwalense wediphozi.

Isimo sezezimali e-Iceland siye sathuthuka kancane kancane kusukela kwenzeka lesi sigameko. Ukuncipha komnotho kanye nokwanda kokuntuleka kwemisebenzi kubonakala sekuboshwe ngasekupheleni kuka-2010 futhi ukukhula kuqhubeka maphakathi no-2011. Zintathu izinto ezibalulekile ezibalulekile maqondana nalokhu…

 

I-akhawunti ye-Forex Demo I-akhawunti ye-Forex Live Fundisa i-akhawunti yakho

 

Okokuqala umthetho ophuthumayo owaphasiswa yiphalamende lase-Iceland ngo-Okthoba 2008 owawusebenzela ukunciphisa umthelela wenkinga yezezimali ezweni. Abaphathi bezezimali base-Iceland basebenzise umthetho ophuthumayo ukuthatha imisebenzi yasekhaya yamabhange amathathu amakhulu. Ukusebenza okukhulu kakhulu kwamanye amazwe kwamabhange kwangena ekwamukelweni.

Isici sesibili esibalulekile kube impumelelo ye-IMF Stand-By-Arrangement ezweni kusukela ngoNovemba 2008. I-SBA ifaka izinsika ezintathu. Insika yokuqala uhlelo lokuhlanganiswa kwezimali zesikhathi esiphakathi, okubandakanya izindlela zokuqina zokuqina nokunyuka intela okukhulu. Umphumela kube ukuthi izikweletu zikahulumeni omkhulu sezizinzile cishe kumaphesenti angama-80 kuya kuma-90 e-GDP. Insika yesibili ukuvuswa kohlelo lokubhanga lwasekhaya olusebenzayo kodwa oluncishiswe kakhulu. Insika yesithathu ukwenziwa kokulawulwa kwemali kanye nomsebenzi wokunyusa kancane kancane lokhu ukubuyisa ukuxhumana okujwayelekile kwezezimali nezwe langaphandle. Umphumela obalulekile womthetho ophuthumayo kanye ne-SBA ukuthi izwe alizange lithinteke kakhulu yinkinga enkulu yezikweletu zase-Europe kusuka ku-2010.

Ngaphandle kwempikiswano enempikiswano neBrithani neNetherlands ngodaba lwesiqinisekiso sombuso kumadiphozithi e-Icesave eLandsbanki kulawa mazwe, ukushintshwa kwesikweletu okwenziwe ezikweletini ezinkulu zase-Iceland kwehle ngokuqinile kusuka kumaphoyinti angaphezu kwe-1000 ngaphambi kokuphahlazeka ngo-2008 kuya kumaphuzu angama-200 ngoJuni 2011. Iqiniso lokuthi izimpahla zamagatsha e-Landsbanki ahlulekile manje kulinganiselwa ukuthi zikhokhele iningi lezimangalo zediphozi libe nomthelela wokunciphisa ukukhathazeka ngalesi simo.

Ekugcineni, into yesithathu enkulu ebangele ukuxazululwa kwenkinga yezezimali kwakuyisinqumo sikahulumeni wase-Iceland sokufaka isicelo sokuba yilungu le-EU ngoJulayi 2009. Olunye uphawu lwempumelelo lwembulwa njengoba uhulumeni wase-Iceland eqoqe ngempumelelo u-1 $ billion nge Ukukhishwa kwamabhondi ngomhla ziyi-9 kuNhlangulana 2011. Le ntuthuko ikhombisa ukuthi abatshalizimali bamazwe ngamazwe banikeze uhulumeni kanye nohlelo olusha lokubhanga, njengoba amabhange amabili kwamathathu amakhulu manje esezandleni zakwamanye amazwe, incwadi ehlanzekile yezempilo.

UJoseph Stiglitz - "Izifundo ezivela enkingeni yezomnotho e-Iceland"

www.youtube.com/watch?v=HaZQSmsWj1g

Amazwana zivaliwe.

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